1. Knowledge of Zoonotic Diseases and Common Diagnoses Course 101 Module 3 Course 101 Module 3 press space bar to continue

2. Zoonotic Diseases Introduction Zoonotic Diseases are any infection, whether produced by bacteria, viruses, or parasites, that are contagious to humans Vaccinations are never 100% effective Never answers questions unless you are positive the information is correct Zoonotic Diseases are any infection, whether produced by bacteria, viruses, or parasites, that are contagious to humans Vaccinations are never 100% effective Never answers questions unless you are positive the information is correct press space bar to continue

3. Zoonoses Zoonotic Part 1

4. Rabies RNA Virus known as rhabdovirus Transmitted through the saliva High fatality rate (almost 100 percent) Most common carriers in TX are skunks, raccoons, coyotes, foxes and bats Avg. incubation period is 2 to 8 weeks Treatment for humans is very effective if within 24-48 hours of exposure First symptoms resemble the flu: lethargy, fever, or a headache press space bar to continue

5. Rabies Two forms of rabies: furious and dumb If a pet bites a human, the requirement for rabies quarantine is 10 days. If other symptoms arise it will need to be evaluated If an animal has rabies it must be humanly destroyed and the head must be shipped at 32-45° F to a qualified lab Vaccinations must be given by a licensed veterinarian Pets must be vaccinated by the age of four months then every 1-3 years (varies by location) press space bar to continue

6. Handling of a Suspected Rabies Case Always be careful with quarantined animals A quarantined animal should be placed in a cage with solid walls Only a qualified person should separate the head from the body for testing press space bar to continue

7. Rabies 1.The head or brain must be chilled, but not frozen 2.The head should remain between 32° and 45° F 3.The head should be placed in a plastic bag, then into the insulated container 4.There needs to be a identification number or name on the container 5.Place a completed Texas Department of Health Form No. G-9, Rabies Submission Form, in a Ziplock bag 6.The outer container should be of adequate strength for shipping press space bar to continue

8. Mange Caused by microscopic parasites known as mites A dog will have either demodectic or sarcoptic mange press space bar to continue

9. Demodecitic Mange Also known as “red mange” Not a Zoonotic disease Only causes symptoms in dogs with reduced immunity Number one target is puppies Also found in older or sick animals press space bar to continue

10. Sarcoptic Mange Also known as “itch mange” or “scabies” Contagious to other dogs and humans Can affect a dog at any age and has nothing to do with the health of the animal If a human is exposed to it can take up to six weeks for symptoms to appear Always wash well after handling an animal that may have sarcoptic mange press space bar to continue

11. Hookworms Also known as ancylostomiasis Most common species is Ancylostoma Caninum Common Methods of transmission 1. Skin penetration 2. Transmammary transfer 3. In utero 4. By ingestion of the eggs Can cause fatal anemia Humans cases are most often in Southeastern and Gulf states Children around an animal being treated should not walk outside barefoot press space bar to continue

12. Roundworms Also known as Ascariasis Toxocara canis affects dogs, Toxocara cati affects felines Transmitted by ingestion of the eggs or in utero The animal will have the appearance of being unhealthy Ocular larval migrans and visceral larval migrans are the two forms of ascariasis that occur in humans Symptoms may include coughing, pneumonia, or fever press space bar to continue

13. Toxoplasmosis Caused by a single-celled parasite known as Toxoplasma gondii Felines are exposed by coming in contact with feces or under cooked meat Not a common problem in humans Pregnant women should avoid raw and uncooked meat and have someone else empty the litter box press space bar to continue

14. Anthrax Caused by a bacteria called Bacillus anthracis The spore form can live in the dirt for extended periods of time Not common in the U.S., but reported in TX, OK, and LA Transmitted through the skin, ingestion or inhalation. Symptoms are related to the route of exposure Very deadly, antibiotics can treat anthrax, but these must be used quickly A vaccine is available press space bar to continue

15. Brucellosis Brucella abortus is the most common strain in the U.S. Commonly causes abortions in female cows Always wear PPE when aiding in the birth of an animal In humans it is known as “undulant fever” Because it is common in cattle it is passed through raw milk Infection can occur when the bacteria comes in contact with mucous membranes, wounds, or even intact skin press space bar to continue