1. RENAISSANCE AND REFORMATION The Renaissance Moves North

2. The Printing Press  Books used to be written by hand  Only a few books would be in circulation  Books only available to the rich  Johannes Gutenberg created the printing press  Used movable type to print pages  Gutenberg Bible  Allowed for mass production of information and ideas  Made written information less expensive  Renaissance ideas quickly spread throughout Europe Instead of just being in Italy

3. Erasmus  Christian Humanism  Concerned with Christianity more so than Greco-Roman writing  Still focused on the human elements  Desiderius Erasmus  Christian Humanist  Dutch Born (1466-1536)  Roman Catholic priest  In Praise of Folly Mocked Church practices that he felt weren’t genuinely faithful

4. St. Thomas More  British lawyer and statesman  Influenced by Greco-Roman thought  Wrote Utopia  About an ideal place based on Greek philosophy  Did so to point out problems he saw in the world i.e. divisions between the powerful and the week

5. Francois Rabelais  French  Follower of Erasmus  Gargantua and Pantagruel  Comedy that expressed humanist ideas

6. The Pleiade  7 French Poets  Used Greco-Roman forms to create French poetry  Themes of love and patriotism

7. The Sonnet  Sir Thomas Wyatt  Earl of Surrey  Introduced the sonnet to England

8. William Shakespeare  Most famous English poet  37 plays  Romeo and Juliet  Hamlet  Macbeth  King Lear  Midsummer Night’s Dream  Borrowed many plots from ancient works  Interest in multi-dimensional human characters  Globe Theatre  Died on 52 nd Birthday, April 23 rd (1564-1616)

9. Jan van Eyck  From the Netherlands  Master of realistic portraits  Giovanni Arnolfini and his Bride  Layered oil paints for rich effect  Bright colors  Depictions of everyday life  Unlike the lofty art from the Italian Renaissance

10. Albrecht Durer  German painter and woodcarver  Engravings  Woodcuts  Watercolors  Visited Italy to see the art of the Renaissance  Carried the ideas and inspiration back with him  Artist of the Protestant Reformation