2. Phase 3: US Imperialism Unit 2: Foreign Policy

3. PHASES OF U.S. FOREIGN POLICY 1. ISOLATIONISM (1789 – 1890s) Non-entanglement 2. CONTINENTAL EXPANSION (1830 – 1890) Manifest Destiny 3. IMPERIALISM (1890s to 1942) Expanding U.S. Power, Land, Values around the world

4. Phases of U.S. Foreign Policy 4. WWII-BEGINNING OF GLOBALISM (1942– 1945) 5. COLD WAR (1946–1989) 6. POST-COLD WAR (1990 – Present) New Category after 9/11/11

5. Late 19 th Century Imperialism: The USA Enters the World Stage U.S. becomes a global power 1898 Spanish-American War gives us the Philippines, Guam, Puerto Rico, and Cuba We have the right to interfere in Latin America

6. Why? Economic motivations: new markets, new resources Ideas about racial supremacy driven by Social Darwinism Manifest Destiny-extended Military considerations (strategic, defensive)

7. Early Non-Contiguous Expansion Offer to purchase Cuba from Spain in 1848 and 1854 Alaska 1867 Hawaii 1898

8. 1896 Republican Party Platform Strong imperialist platform Economic expansion guides position Overseas expansion good for US industry “sympathy for Cuba” Annexation of Hawaii Queen Liliuokalani

9. The Spanish-American War

10. Causes Decreased isolationism in U.S. public and Congress Cuban Revolution (1895-1898): U.S. investments threatened Spanish authorities commit atrocities against Cuban civilians Sympathetic to Cubans Geography Spanish Empire- Cuba, Puerto Rico, Philippines, Guam

11. USS Maine Havana, Cuba February 1898

12. The Fuze USS Maine Explosion - February 1898: Havana, Cuba. Mission — protect U.S. citizens and property. U.S. public angered - blame placed on Spain. “Free Cuba!” “Remember the Maine!” President William McKinley Congress declares war on Spain -- April 1898.

13. Fighting the War Phase 1: Cuba

14. The “Rough Riders” Battle of San Juan Hill 1 July 1898

15. Teddy Roosevelt

16. Rough Riders

17. Fighting the War Phase 2: the Pacific The Philippines Siege of Manila

18. Battle of Manila Bay

19. Battle of Manila Bay “You may fire when ready, Gridley.” - Commodore George Dewey

20. Battle of Manila Bay 1 May 1898

21. Battle of Manila Bay Dewey’s Flagship

22. U.S. “Empire” Established From Spain in 1898: Puerto Rico Guam Philippines Guantanamo Bay Naval Base in Cuba Formerly Independent: Hawaii (Annexed 1898) Wake Island - 1899 “American” Samoa - 1899