1. Upgrade of the TileCAL LVPS System Gary Drake Argonne National Laboratory, USA In Collaboration with The University of Chicago CERN Feb. 25, 2009 ATLAS Upgrade Workshop

2. Upgrade of the TileCAL LVPS System ATLAS Upgrade Workshop – G. Drake – Feb. 25, 2009 – CERN 2 Outline of Talk I. Goals for the LVPS Upgrade II. Current Plans & Thinking III. Primary Issues, Critical Decisions, Required R&D IV. Summary

3. Upgrade of the TileCAL LVPS System ATLAS Upgrade Workshop – G. Drake – Feb. 25, 2009 – CERN 3 General System Guidelines and Goals for the LVPS System 1.Primary Motivation: Improve radiation hardness of electronics  LVPS bricks must be replaced for sLHC environment… 2.Improve Reliability a.Connectors i.Reduce number of connections & interconnects ii.Improve reliability and robustness of connectors b.Implement redundancy to prevent single-point failures 3.Generally reduce complexity of system where possible 4.Reduce numbers of voltages to be generated 5.Eliminate sensitivities to IR drops 6.Eliminate need for tight regulation by LVPS 7.Use “point-of-load” regulators  CERN rad-hard regulators

4. Upgrade of the TileCAL LVPS System ATLAS Upgrade Workshop – G. Drake – Feb. 25, 2009 – CERN 4 The Current LVPS System Present System Architecture – 2-Stage System FE Circuitry In Drawer On Detector 1 per Drawer USA15 LVPS Bulk 200 VDC To Other Drawers Splitter Box On Detector 1 per 4 Drawers Mother Boards Digitizers Local CKTs Local CKTs Local CKTs Local CKTs Digitizers HV Dist. System To Other Splitter Boxes Stage 2 Stage 1 200VDC +3DIG, +5DIG, -5MB, +5MB, +15MB, -15HV, +15HV, +5HV And Returns 4 6 4 14

5. Upgrade of the TileCAL LVPS System ATLAS Upgrade Workshop – G. Drake – Feb. 25, 2009 – CERN 5 The Current LVPS System TileCAL LVPS System – 2-stage system Main Barrel side 70m long cable Extended Barrel sides 100m long cable USA15 BULK SUPPLY 3  240 VAC 200 V dc splitter box Graphic by I. Hruska, B. Palan Custom LVPS Boxes One per Drawer 256 Total Commercial 24 HPS1 Units Each powers 12 fLVPS 200 V dc in, 3V, 5V, 15V Out

6. Upgrade of the TileCAL LVPS System ATLAS Upgrade Workshop – G. Drake – Feb. 25, 2009 – CERN 6 The Current LVPS System Current fLVPS configuration  Power Daisy Chain Motherboard Digitizer HV control and distribution board pmt3in1 pmt3in1 LVPS HV Capton Foil optical Interface TTC data to ROD Power daisy chain Flex Foils (data,TTC ) BUS Harting connector 12 8 6 6 4 44 14 4 4 4 44 100 Graphic by G. Usai, UC

7. Upgrade of the TileCAL LVPS System ATLAS Upgrade Workshop – G. Drake – Feb. 25, 2009 – CERN 7 The Current LVPS System Current Configuration of LVPS Box LVPS Box 8 Bricks/Box +3DIG & Returns +5DIG & Returns +5MB & Returns -5MB & Returns +15MB & Returns +5HV & Returns -15HV & Returns +15HV & Returns 200 VDC +3DIG Brick +5DIG Brick +5MB Brick -5MB Brick +15MB Brick +5HV Brick -15HV Brick +15HV Brick ELMB Mother Board CAN Bus 200V Dist. Board 4 4 8 4 2 2 2 2 10 6 Ground 6 72 pin Harting Connector Range of Voltages: 5:1 Range of Currents: 62:1  One Basic Brick Design Different Component Values

8. Upgrade of the TileCAL LVPS System ATLAS Upgrade Workshop – G. Drake – Feb. 25, 2009 – CERN 8 The Proposed New Power Distribution System New System Architecture – 3-Stage System FE Circuitry In Drawer On Detector 1 per Drawer LVPS To Other Drawers Splitter Box On Detector 1 per 4 Drawers POL REGs Local CKTs POL REGs Local CKTs POL REGs Local CKTs To Other Splitter Boxes Stage 2 Stage 3 - Point-of-Load Regulators USA15 Bulk 200 VDC Stage 1 200VDC +/-10VDC and Returns 4 (8*) * Numbers in parentheses for implementation of redundancy

9. Upgrade of the TileCAL LVPS System ATLAS Upgrade Workshop – G. Drake – Feb. 25, 2009 – CERN 9 Point of Load Regulators Work is in progress at CERN to develop rad-hard DC-DC Converter to be used as local point-of-load regulators –Use one by every chip, or group of chips, depending on current demand –Primary development is for silicon tracker  high radiation environment –TileCAL radiation environment is less demanding, so we can piggyback Some Parameters: –Radiation hard DC-DC converters with air-core inductors –Low drop voltage regulators in 130nm and below – DC-DC buck converter architecture –Vin: +10 ~ +12V, Vout: +1.8 ~ +5V, 6W, 85 – 90% efficiency –Radiation and magnetic field hard Contact persons: F. Faccio & G. Blanchot More info http://indico.cern.ch/conferenceDisplay.py?confId=39721 POL REGs Local CKTs  We will be testing prototypes as soon as they become available  Caveat: Not working on rad-hard negative voltage regulators (yet)… +/-10VDC

10. Upgrade of the TileCAL LVPS System ATLAS Upgrade Workshop – G. Drake – Feb. 25, 2009 – CERN 10 The Proposed New Power Distribution System The New LVPS System – 3-stage system Main Barrel side 70m long cable Extended Barrel sides 100m long cable USA15 BULK SUPPLY 3  240 VAC 200 V dc splitter box Modified from Graphic by I. Hruska, B. Palan Custom LVPS Boxes One per Drawer 256 Total Commercial 24 HPS1 Units Each powers 12 fLVPS 200 V dc in, +/- 10V Out  New Bricks Same Physical Size Need new boxes…  Same Infrastructure

11. Upgrade of the TileCAL LVPS System ATLAS Upgrade Workshop – G. Drake – Feb. 25, 2009 – CERN 11 The Proposed New Power System New Configuration of LVPS Box +10V & Returns 200 VDC +10V Brick +10V Brick +10V Brick +10V Brick -10V Brick -10V Brick -10V Brick -10V Brick Control Board Control & Monitoring GBT? 200V Dist. Board 8 (16) 6 Ground 6 (1) or (2*) 64 pin Harting Connectors LVPS Box 8 Bricks/Box +10V & Returns -10V & Returns 8 (16) * Numbers in parentheses for implementation of redundancy Range of Voltages: 1:-1 Range of Currents: 1:1 (2:1)  Two Brick Designs

12. Upgrade of the TileCAL LVPS System ATLAS Upgrade Workshop – G. Drake – Feb. 25, 2009 – CERN 12 The Proposed New Power Distribution System A possible implementation… Star distribution system: Readout Bd Service 4 PMTs Front End LVPS 200V Modified from Graphic by G. Usai, UC Readout Bd Service 4 PMTs Readout Bd Service 4 PMTs Readout Bd Service 4 PMTs Readout Bd Service 4 PMTs Readout Bd Service 4 PMTs Readout Bd Service 4 PMTs Readout Bd Service 4 PMTs Readout Bd Service 4 PMTs Readout Bd Service 4 PMTs Readout Bd Service 4 PMTs Readout Bd Service 4 PMTs HV control & distribution board HV control & distribution board 24 (1 Drawer) PMT Front End PMT Front End PMT Front End PMT GBT Optical To USA15 Optical To USA15 4 (8*) * Numbers in parentheses for implementing redundancy +/-10V PMT HV  Each of 8 bricks in LVPS Box services 2 (4*) Readout Bds  Nearly balanced loads! Data, Control, & Timing1 Link/Board

13. Upgrade of the TileCAL LVPS System ATLAS Upgrade Workshop – G. Drake – Feb. 25, 2009 – CERN 13 How to implement power supply redundancy: Diode OR –Greater of (Vs 1 – Vd 1 ) or (Vs 2 – Vd 2 ) provides current to load –Diodes may share if diode IV characteristics are soft, and/or if 2 paths ~match –No need to bin diodes; Only moderate trim of output voltages needed –On average, power supplies will each share half the total load, within window  Power supplies on average operate at half their rated power  aids in longevity  Each power supply must be capable of providing full power though Implementing Redundancy +-+- +-+- Load Vd 1 Vd 2 Vs 1 Vs 2 PCB V load  Technique used successfully for CDF Run 1  Need more experience with current system to decide if this is worth it…

14. Upgrade of the TileCAL LVPS System ATLAS Upgrade Workshop – G. Drake – Feb. 25, 2009 – CERN 14 Monitoring & Control Probably will want to monitor same quantities as presently: –8 input voltages –8 output voltages –8 input currents –8 output currents –Temperatures  The difference: only 2 sets of quantities, not 8…  No longer need to monitor sense lines, if use POL regulators… Control –No longer need trim control  regulators are insensitive to their Vin –Will want method for turning on & off whole boxes –May want method for turning on & off individual bricks…

15. Upgrade of the TileCAL LVPS System ATLAS Upgrade Workshop – G. Drake – Feb. 25, 2009 – CERN 15 Primary Issues, Critical Decisions, Required R&D Need to choose a system architecture Need to identify and specify all components in the drawer –Identify voltages needed –Define currents needed  Define total voltage, current, and power consumption for drawer Point-of-Load Regulators –Based on needs, will CERN regulator be sufficient? Obtain prototype samples; performance testing; radiation testing Is there any circuitry that can’t operate within +/-5V? – What to do about negative voltage regulator CERN? Another IC design group? Commercial vendor? Preliminary brick component selection –Radiation testing Decision on implementing redundancy –Experience with current system will be a good guide…

16. Upgrade of the TileCAL LVPS System ATLAS Upgrade Workshop – G. Drake – Feb. 25, 2009 – CERN 16 Primary Issues, Critical Decisions, Required R&D (Cont.) Control & monitoring –GBT? –New ELMB_MB equivalent? –Custom chip development?  Needs more thought & work… Prototype brick design –Can begin early, with approximate guesses on current & power –Will need final specs to complete design Design for factor of 2 capability if implement redundancy Design for 80% maximum capacity on a single supply Connector Decisions –Depends on Architecture Currents Distribution of loads –Includes power connections, & all internal connections inside box  Possibly the most important decision in the project

17. Upgrade of the TileCAL LVPS System ATLAS Upgrade Workshop – G. Drake – Feb. 25, 2009 – CERN 17 Summary Advocating 3 stage power distribution system –Stage 1 – bulk 200V in USA15  OK –Stage 2 – LVPS boxes New design +/- 10V only Tight regulation not important Advocating balanced loads –Stage 3 – Point-of-Load regulators Relying on CERN development for positive voltage regulator Still need to identify/develop negative voltage regulator Primary issues needing to be addressed: –System architecture –Drawer electronics design  voltages & currents required –Point of load regulators: test CERN design; address negative voltages –Component selection  radiation testing –Address need for redundancy –Choose connectors –Prototype development… Testing… FE tests… Vertical Slice Tests…