1. solutions

2. MIXTURES heterogeneous homogeneous Suspension Solution : substances mixed so thoroughly that at the level of particles no clusters of particles of the original compounds exist ? ✗ Colloid Solution

3. Properties of solutions transparent Even under magnifying instrument impossible to distinguish the different components Solution

4. Solute and solvent Solution Solute: substance that dissolves in another substance Solvent: can dissolve a solute solid liquid gas solid liquid gas

5. Different kinds of solutions Solid (salt) Liquid (water) salt water Gas (carbon dioxide) Liquid (water) soda water Liquid (alcohol) Liquid (water) wine Gas (Oxygen, carbon dioxide) Gas (Nitrogen) air Carbon (solid) Iron (solid) steel

6. Properties of solutions What is the difference?  watch:  the concentration

7. How can we quantify? Lots of solute  concentration increases Lots of solvent  concentration decreases Amount of solute Amount of solvent concentration

8. Define a formula that will produce a big value when the concentration is high and a small value when the concentration is low. Use the amount of solute and the amount of final solution in your formula. Concentration:c = amount solute amount solution

9. How to prepare a solution Measure amount of solute Dilute in small amount of solvent Adjust final volume to desired amount DON’T START BY MEASURING THE FINAL VOLUME OF SOLVENT!

10. Different ways to express concentration: Number of grams of solute per litre of solution (g/L) Number of grams of solute per 100 ml of solution (%mass /volume = %m/V) Number of millilitres of solute per 100 ml of solution (% volume/volume = %V/V) Number of grams of solute per 100 grams of solution (% mass/ mass = %m/m) c = amount solute amount solution

11. Examples To boil your pasta you add 1 teaspoon of salt (= 5g of salt) to 2L of water.  what is the concentration of the saltwater solution? c = amount solute amount solution c = mass of solute volume solution c = m V 5g 2L = 2.5 g/L

12. worksheet