2. Please pass up your lab safety contract. When I call your name – please show me your folders and graph paper. Pass up your Safety Contract. WRITE YOUR DAILY QUESTION: –8-19: Explain how our solar system formed. - You will find this in your homework answers. TODAY: 8-20

3. Homework for Friday Define the seven vocab words at the top of page 7. TODAY: 8-20

4. CHAPTER 1.1 & 1.2 LECTURE

5. What is Earth Science Activities of Today’s Geologists –Geologists look for sources of oil, uranium, geothermal power, precious gems, metals, concrete material, salt, etc. They plan and develop fresh water supplies. Make sure water sources are not contaminated. They help with flood control, building dams, mitigate landslide areas. They research earthquakes, volcanoes, look at rocks from space, oceans.

6. –What Astronomers Do Astronomers study the universe to understand the life cycle of stars. They try to determine if other solar systems could have life. They study planets in our solar system, asteroids, and comets.

7. –What Meteorologists Do Meteorologists forecast weather based on pressure gradients and wind patterns. Others study the effect of pollution on climate, or causes of major storms.

8. –What Oceanographers Do Oceanographers study water salinity, temperature, ocean currents. They study marine life, ocean floor sediments, the effects of water temperature and salinity on weather.

9. –The Nebula Hypothesis (CS) About 5 billion years ago a cloud of dust and gas, about 10 billion km in diameter, was spinning in space. It shrank under its own gravity. Fusion started in its core, and our sun was born. The material not trapped at the core were trapped in separate clumps that collapsed and formed the planets and moons. The Origin of the Earth

10. Earth’s spheres The earth consists of four major spheres: –Atmosphere – earth’s gaseous envelope; –Hydrosphere – water portion of the planet; –Geosphere – the solid part of the earth that includes the crust, mantle, core. –Biosphere – includes all life on earth.

11. –Origin of the Oceans The first oceans formed as a result of gases escaping from volcanoes, which are about 50% water vapor.

12. –Origin of Atmosphere (CS) The first atmosphere also formed from gases escaping from volcanoes. The first atmosphere contained sulfur and carbon dioxide, and no free oxygen. Today’s atmosphere contains 78% nitrogen, and 21% oxygen. Sunlight breaking up water molecules frees up oxygen. Photosynthesis freed up more oxygen, and reduced carbon.

13. Structure of the Solid Earth (CS) –The mantle is the thickest part of the Earth. –The outer core is liquid metals –The inner core is solid nickel and iron. –It is the hotest layer, why is it solid?

14. –How the Continents Formed Two theories: –When the layers of the early earth were separating, Iron sinking to the core forced light material to the surface to make one big continent. –Volcanic activity over hundreds of years created masses of continental rock.

15. TODAY: 8-14 Homework due today: –Turn in your syllabus to the basket in the front WRITE YOUR DAILY QUESTION: –8-14: Why is lab safety important? Homework due Monday: –Five vocabulary words top of page 2 in your text.

16. TODAY: 8-17 Homework due today: –Five vocabulary words top of page 2 in your text. Get it out so that I can stamp it and we can go over it. WRITE YOUR DAILY QUESTION: –8-17: What does a geologist do?