1. THE INCA Presented to you by: Nina Kellner, Max Bunja, and Jaden Pereyra

2. History of The Inca  The Inca tribe began in 1438 AD in present-day Peru.  There were two main cities, Machu Picchu and Cuzco.  The Inca built roads for transportation.  Just like any other civilization, the Inca had a transportation system. Road System

3. Inca Geography  The Inca called their civilization “Land of the Four Quarters”  The empire was 2,500 miles along the Andes Mountain range.  This reached from present-day Colombia to Chile.  They were bordered by the Pacific Ocean.

4. Agriculture  In the Andes mountains, there was a jungle biome. The Inca most-likely went in the jungle to harvest fruits and catch fish.  They also chopped down wood.  The Inca practiced “Terrace Farming.” Terrace Farming was cutting steps into a mountain to create space for crops. Terrace Farming in Cuzco

5. Religion  According to an origin myth, the Inca believed they were created by the sun god, Indi.  Hanan Pacha, the celestial realm in the sky.  Uku Pacha, the inner Earth.  Cay Pacha, the outer Earth.  The two most important gods of Hanan Pacha were Indi, and Mama Quilla, the moon goddess.

6. Inca Shelter  The Inca built their main city, Machu Picchu, out of rocks, various stones, and boulders.  They built their temples with boulders that weighed over 100 tons.  20 men worked on a single boulder, hour by hour, for an entire year  The joints between the buildings were so tight, a knife blade couldn’t go through.

7. Weaponry and Warfare  War was very common in the Inca empire.  The Inca war strategy was to split the army into three groups.  Each group was specialized for a different type of weapon.  At the end of training, warriors would choose the weapon that they would use.  Every Inca man was required to participate in the army.

8. Government  The Inca empire was created in the 1200s on the Andes Mountains, between Peru and Chile  The Incas had a highly organized government based in Cuzco.  The emperor was referred to as the supreme ruler.  Underneath the emperor were his nobles.  The emperor's nobles were very special skilled people theirs talents contributed to create and help the Inca Civilizaiton.  The richest city was Cuzco, which was the home of Inca Life, and all the rulers lived inside of Cuzco.

9. The Empire's Doom  In 1532 the Inca Empire had to deal with a serious threat from Franciso Pizzaro.  Franciso Pizzaro invaded, defeated, and took over The Inca Empire.  Manco Capac was the last Inca ruler.  Manco Capac was crowned by Franciso Pizzaro in 1534 but only a puppet ruler.  Manco Capac was murdered in 1544.  The Empire had died down by then.

10. Festivals and Events  The whole inca empire had more than almost 6 million people.  One important festival that the inca had was in November, Ayamarca, also known as the festival of the deceased.  Another important festival the inca had was in June, known as Inti Raymi, translated to feast of the sun.  Another important event occurred in April. It is known as Ayrihua or Camay Inca Raymi, translated to, the festival of the Inca.  One very important event to the Inca empire occurred in October it is called the K'antaray or Uma Raymi known as the month of crop watching.