1. Lymphatic System

2. Lymphatic System Functions
Fluid & Protein Balance Return excess interstitial fluid and leaked proteins to blood
Digestion Lacteals transport dietary lipids (chyle)
Vitamins A, D, E and K from GI tract
Immune Response
Cell mediated immune responses—T cells destroy intruders with cytotoxic substances.
Antibody-mediated immune responses detect and destroy specific foreign substances. 2

3. Lymphatic System Components
Fluid of the lymphatic system
Similar to blood plasma and interstitial fluid
Lymphatic Vessels
Transport lymph
Lymph is returned to the circulatory system at either the right or left subclavian veins
Lymphoid tissues
House phagocytic and lymphoid cells 3

4. Lymphatic Vessels
Lymphatic capillaries resemble veins but have thinner walls and more valves.
Lymph vessels in the skin follow veins.
Lymph vessels in the viscera follow arteries.
Lymph vessels are NOT found in avascular tissue, CNS, parts of spleen and red bone marrow. 4

5. 5

6. Flow of Lymph
Blood capillaries (blood)  interstitial spaces  lymph capillaries  lymph vessels  lymph trunks  thoracic and right lymphatic duct  junction of the internal and subclavian veins (blood).
Smooth muscles in lymph vessels contract rhythmically
Pulsations in adjacent arteries aid flow
Skeletal muscle and respiratory pump 6

7. Lymphatics & the Breast
Flow of Lymph
Lymphatics & the Breast 7

8. Lymphoid Cells Lymphocytes Macrophages Dendritic cells Reticular cells
T-cells
B-cells
Macrophages
Dendritic cells
Reticular cells 8

9. Lymphoid Tissue Site for lymphocyte residence and proliferation
Provides sentinel position for lymphocytes and macrophages
Lymphocytes cycle among lymphoid tissue, blood circulation and loose connective tissue.
Can be diffuse or densely organized 9

10. Lymph Nodes 2 Functions: Filter lymph Activate immune system
Microorganisms
Cancer cells 10

11. Lymph nodes 2 Regions: Cortex Medulla B cells T cells
Lymph Sinuses & macrophages
Lymph Nodes Animation 11

12. Lymphoid Organs Lymph Nodes Spleen Thymus Tonsils Peyer’s patches MALT12

13. Spleen White pulp Red pulp Erythrocyte production in fetus
B and T cells carry out immune function.
Red pulp
Removes aged and defective RBCs
Stores breakdown products of RBCs
Erythrocyte production in fetus
Stores blood platelets
Has regenerative properties 13

14. Thymus Secretes thymopoietin, thmosins to make T-cells immunocompetent
Bilobed organ
Trabeculae divide lobe into lobules.
Thymic corpuscles 14

15. Tonsils & Adenoids
Trap bacteria which work their way into the follicles where they are destroyed
This helps develop memory 15

16. Appendix
Possibly works with the Peyer's patches to help defend against invaders from the digestive system

17. MALT
Mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue 17

18. Causes of Edema Edema Accumulation of interstitial fluid
Blockage of lymphatic system
Increased pressure in veins
Lack of albumin
Decreases fluid returning to blood capillaries by osmosis
Inflammation 18

19. Homeoimbalances of the Lymphatic System
Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome (ALPS)
Lymphatic Filariasis
Mesenteric Lymphadenitis
Swollen Lymph Nodes
Castleman Disease
Adenoids
Splenomegaly
Hodgkin's disease
Kawasaki disease

20. Nonspecific Body Defenses
Phagocytosis
Complement
Fever
Inflammation
Skin
Acid
Stomach
Vagina
Mucus
Saliva
Tears 20

21. Complement 21

22. Inflammation Bodies response to tissue injury Classic signs Heat
Redness
Swelling
Pain 22