1. Review for minerals Take one of each sheet from the middle table. PLEASE READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS ON TAPING IN THESE SHEETS PAGE 24 tape in THE R.A.C.E Strategy for Writing Page 25 tape in THE Rubric Page 26 tape in RACE Page 34 tape in Mineral Review notes (what is a mineral) Page 35 tape in Mineral Review (first word is Luster) REMEMBER ONE SMALL PIECE AT THE TOP AND ONE SMALL PIECE AT THE BOTTOM. PAGE 34 IS ON THE LEFT AND PAGE 35 IS ON THE RIGHT

2. What is a mineral? a naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a crystal structure with a definite chemical composition. What does this mean?

3. What does it mean for the mineral to be a solid? It means it cannot be a liquid or a gas What does it mean for it to be naturally occurring? It is not made by man but made in nature What does it mean for it to be inorganic? It is not made with the remains of anything that was living or once living What does it mean for it to have a crystal structure? The atoms are organized in a way that has a repeating pattern making it crystal What does it mean for it to have a definite chemical composition? The elements that make up the mineral. It can be one element or 2 or more elements. For example copper, nickel, carbon, sulfur

4. What are the properties of minerals? All minerals have certain properties. These properties make the mineral that particular mineral. These properties are how the minerals are identified. There are 7 properties used to identify minerals: Color: this is the physical color you observe with your own eyes Streak: this is the true color of the mineral in a powdered form. Used with a streak plate Luster: this is how the light reflects off the mineral. Shiny metals are metallic and not shiny are non metallic Hardness: the minerals resistance to being scratched Fracture: the mineral breaks unevenly leaving jagged edges or irregular shapes Cleavage: the mineral breaks in smooth, even layers Density: how much mass the mineral has in comparison to the volume of space it takes it up Crystal form: how the mineral is forming with crystal appearance.

5. How does a mineral form? 1. Magma: forms from molten rock from inside the earth cooling. Then the elements will form a solid mineral or combine with other elements to form the mineral. 2. Changes in temperature and pressure: extreme heat and pressure causes minerals to change their original formation. As the heat and pressure increases, the mineral will keep changing it form. 3. Precipitation: when water evaporates, it leaves behind the substances in the water because it cannot evaporate. 4. Hydrothermal (hot water) Solutions: hot water and dissolved substances combine with minerals and causes the mineral to change completely to something else. This is a chemical reaction. It will not go back to the same mineral.

6. Ways to remember the Properties Color=Cool Streak=Scientists Luster=Love Crystal=Clapping Hardness=Hands Fracture=For Cleavage=Creative Density=Discoveries Cool scientists love clapping hands for creative discoveries

7. Critical Thinking Question Why would each mineral have its own property and be different from every other mineral? Think about how it is formed and it characteristics.