1. Fat Soluble Vitamins ГАПОУ НСО«Барабинский медицинский колледж» Подготовила преподаватель Калинина Е.В.

2. Fat Soluble Vitamins

4. Vitamin A deficiency   It is common in developing countries   Night blindness is one of the first signs of vitamin A deficiency.   Night blindness is the difficulty for the eyes to adjust to dim light.   Vitamin A is essential in HELPING THE EYES!

5. Vitamin A deficiency Xerophthalmia Which is a medical condition in which the eye fails to produce tears that leads to conjunctival dryness and damage, complete blindness can also occur since Vitamin A has a major role in phototransduction.

6. Vitamin A deficiency   diminishes the ability to fight infections.   In countries where children are not immunized, infectious disease like measles have higher fatality rates.

7.   Even mild, subclinical deficiency can also be a problem, as it may   Increase children's risk of developing respiratory and diarrheal infections   Decrease growth rate   Slow bone development   Decrease probability of survival from serious illness. Vitamin A deficiency

8. Causes of vitamin A deficiency   diets which include few animal sources of pre- formed vitamin A.   Breast milk of a lactating mother with vitamin A deficiency   other causes of vitamin A deficiency   Iron deficiency can affect vitamin A uptake.   Excess alcohol consumption can deplete vitamin A   A stressed liver may be more susceptible to vitamin A toxicity.

9. Hypervitaminosis A   refers to the effects of excessive vitamin A (specifically retinoid) intake   occurs when the maximum limit for liver stores of retinoids is exceeded.   The excess vitamin A enters the circulation causing systemic toxicity.   Betacarotene (is an organic compound which is a strongly-coloured red-orange pigment abundant in plants and fruits) a precursor of vitamin A, is selectively converted into retinoids, so it does not cause toxicity.

19. Vitamin and Mineral Supplements

20. Arguments for Supplements  Correct Overt Deficiencies  Support Increased Nutrient Needs  Improve Nutrition Status  Improve the Body’s Defenses  Reduce Disease Risks

21.  Who Needs Supplements?  People with nutritional deficiencies  People with low energy intake – less than 1600 kcalories per day  Vegans and those with atrophic gastritis need vitamin B 12  People with lactose intolerance, milk allergies, or inadequate intake of dairy foods

22.  Who Needs Supplements?  People in certain stages of the life cycle  Infants need iron and fluoride  Women of childbearing age need folate  Pregnant women need folate and iron  Elderly need vitamins B 12 and D  People with diseases, infections, or injuries, and those who have had surgery that affects nutrient digestion, absorption or metabolism  People taking medications that interfere with the body’s use of specific nutrients

23. Arguments against Supplements  Misinformation  Unknown Needs (Toxicity)  Life-Threatening  False Sense of Security

24. Regulation of Supplements  Nutritional labeling for supplements is required.  Labels may make nutrient claims according to specified criteria.  Labels may claim that lack of a nutrient can cause a deficiency disease and include the prevalence of that disease.  Labels may make health claims that are supported by significant scientific agreement.

25. Regulation of Supplements  Labels may claim to diagnose, treat, cure, or relieve common complaints but not make claims about specific diseases.  Labels may make structure-function claims if accompanied by Food And Drug Administration (FDA) disclaimer.  Role a nutrient plays in the body  How the nutrient performs its function  How consuming the nutrient is associated with general well-being

26. Список использованных источников 1. http://freefitnesstips.co.uk http://freefitnesstips.co.uk 2. http://remedieshow.com/vitamin-e-benefits/ http://remedieshow.com/vitamin-e-benefits/ 3. http://allpixcom/vitamin-d-foods http://allpixcom/vitamin-d-foods 4. http://www.searchhomeremedy.com/5-vitamin-b6-deficiency- symptoms-that-you-should-know/ http://www.searchhomeremedy.com/5-vitamin-b6-deficiency- symptoms-that-you-should-know/ http://www.searchhomeremedy.com/5-vitamin-b6-deficiency- symptoms-that-you-should-know/ 5. http://www.healthgalleries.com/xerophthalmia http://www.healthgalleries.com/xerophthalmia 6. http://nugabestbel.by/2016/01/11/oborudovanie-nuga-best- ukreplyaet-immunitet/ http://nugabestbel.by/2016/01/11/oborudovanie-nuga-best- ukreplyaet-immunitet/ http://nugabestbel.by/2016/01/11/oborudovanie-nuga-best- ukreplyaet-immunitet/ 7. http://optometrist.com.au/night-blindness/ http://optometrist.com.au/night-blindness/

27. Thanks for your attention!