1. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly Communication Yingting Zhang, Medical Information & Education Librarian Minglu Wang, Data Services Librarian Laura Bowering Mullen, Behavioral Sciences Librarian Rutgers University Libraries 2014 VALE Users’/NJLA CUS/NJ ACRL Conference January 10, 2014

2. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly CommunicationRUL – http://libraries.rutgers.eduhttp://libraries.rutgers.edu Outline  Understanding What Altmetrics Are  Altmetrics and Data Citations  Altmetrics and Open Access 2

3. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly CommunicationRUL – http://libraries.rutgers.eduhttp://libraries.rutgers.edu Overview of Altmetrics  What  Why  How  Who 3

4. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly CommunicationRUL – http://libraries.rutgers.eduhttp://libraries.rutgers.edu Forms of Metrics  Bibliometrics - measuring impact of recorded information, i.e. traditional metrics – JIF (JCR), # of citations (WOS), h-index, etc.  Informetrics  Scientometrics  Webometrics  Cybermetrics  NOW - Altmetrics 4

5. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly CommunicationRUL – http://libraries.rutgers.eduhttp://libraries.rutgers.edu What Are Altmetrics?  Altmetrics stands for Alternative Metrics.  Altmetrics are new metrics used to measure the impact of web-native scholarship in different ways and serve as an alternative to traditional metrics, such as JIF, and h-index.  They are counts of citations, downloads, bookmarks, posts, mentions, tweets, and likes, etc that are used to measure the value of digital scholarly work. 5

6. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly CommunicationRUL – http://libraries.rutgers.eduhttp://libraries.rutgers.edu 6 The term altmetrics was coined by Jason Priem in his tweet as a hashtag, #altmetrics in 2010.

7. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly CommunicationRUL – http://libraries.rutgers.eduhttp://libraries.rutgers.edu Development of Altmetrics 7  2008 Journal of Medical Internet Research started publishing views and tweets.  2009 PLoS Article Level Metrics Project started.  2010 Jason Priem coined the term and published Altmetrics manifesto v.1 (http://altmetrics.org/manifesto/) with three others.http://altmetrics.org/manifesto/  2011 Total-Impact project, later relaunched as Impact Story, co- founded by Jason Priem and Heather Piwowar, funded by Alfred P. Sloan Foundation.  2011 Altmetric.com was founded.  2012 ASCB initiated San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment (DORA) which was launched in May 2013.DORA  In June 2013, NISO awarded a grant for an Altmetrics initiative.

8. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly CommunicationRUL – http://libraries.rutgers.eduhttp://libraries.rutgers.edu Altmetrics vs. Traditional Metrics Altmetrics  Downloads  Website views / visits  Bookmarks in citation management tools  Tweets  Blog posts  Mentions in research networks  Liks in social media  Covering a variety of artifacts, not just journal articles 8 Traditional Metrics  Journal impact factor  Article citation count  Author’s H-Index  Traditional Metrics Venues:  WOS  JCR  Scopus (SJR & SNIP)  Google Scholar Metrics (journal h5-index & article citations)  Google Scholar Citations (author citation indices, h- index, i10-index)

9. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly CommunicationRUL – http://libraries.rutgers.eduhttp://libraries.rutgers.edu Why Altmetrics?  Serve as alternative to traditional metrics (not replacing traditional metrics but rather complementary) used to measure the scholarly and social impact of research outputs.  Track the immediate impact of publications and other scholarly artifacts, maximally demonstrating a researcher’s influence.  Can be used as early indicators of article impact.  Can track how publications perform after publishing.  Monitor research influence for funding purpose.  Can be useful for promotion or tenure evaluation. 9

10. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly CommunicationRUL – http://libraries.rutgers.eduhttp://libraries.rutgers.edu 10 It does not consider the fact that it is one of the top 3 most read articles in MRSQ for 6 months. Screen captured on Jan 6, 2014

11. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly CommunicationRUL – http://libraries.rutgers.eduhttp://libraries.rutgers.edu 11 Screen captured on Dec. 27, 2013

12. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly CommunicationRUL – http://libraries.rutgers.eduhttp://libraries.rutgers.edu 12

13. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly CommunicationRUL – http://libraries.rutgers.eduhttp://libraries.rutgers.edu Altmetrics Tracking Tools 13

14. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly CommunicationRUL – http://libraries.rutgers.eduhttp://libraries.rutgers.edu 14

15. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly CommunicationRUL – http://libraries.rutgers.eduhttp://libraries.rutgers.edu Publishers Adopting Altmetrics  PLoS – ALMs project started 2009. PLoS  Faculty of 1000 - F1000Prime and PLoS collaborating on article-level metrics (Aug 2013) Faculty of 1000 F1000Prime  BioMed Central – May 2012, added Altmetric.com donut to the about page of published articles. BioMed Central  Taylor & Francis, Royal Society of Chemistry – May 2013, in pilot with KudosKudos  Elsevier - acquired Mendeley in spring 2013; pilot project with Altmetric.com  Springer  Wiley 15

16. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly CommunicationRUL – http://libraries.rutgers.eduhttp://libraries.rutgers.edu 16

17. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly CommunicationRUL – http://libraries.rutgers.eduhttp://libraries.rutgers.edu Research Networks 17  Academia.edu Academia.edu  ResearchGate ResearchGate  CiteULike CiteULike  Mendeley Mendeley  VIVO VIVO  Social Science Research Network (SSRN). Social Science Research Network (SSRN)

18. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly CommunicationRUL – http://libraries.rutgers.eduhttp://libraries.rutgers.edu Institutions Engaging Altmetrics 18  University of Pittsburgh Library System – currently in experiment partnership with Plum Analytics – the first institution to adopt Plum Analytics to provide metrics for research output.  More institutions are to establish partnership with altmetrics developers to provide altmetric data to their researchers.

19. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly CommunicationRUL – http://libraries.rutgers.eduhttp://libraries.rutgers.edu Challenges of Altmetrics 19  Prevent possible data manipulation  Avoid data contamination by spam  Measure different things in different fields  Possible effects of chain reaction  Make ALM consistent and comparable

20. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly CommunicationRUL – http://libraries.rutgers.eduhttp://libraries.rutgers.edu Research Data Sharing, Citation, and Altmetrics  Importance of sharing research data  How to share and cite research data  Disciplinary research data repositories o ICPSR o Dryad  Cloud research products sharing platform o FigShare  Institutional research data repository 20

21. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly CommunicationRUL – http://libraries.rutgers.eduhttp://libraries.rutgers.edu  Changing research landscape  Increasingly data intensive and collaborative  Benefits of sharing research data  For research community o Avoid duplicated efforts in data collection and increase collaboration o Replicate data analysis to verify the results showed in article publication  For individual researcher o Generate data as an additional research product o Increase academic impact o Show accountability  Funding agencies’ requirement  Data management plan requirement at early stage of research project help researchers prepare research data for archiving and sharing

22. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly CommunicationRUL – http://libraries.rutgers.eduhttp://libraries.rutgers.edu Research Data in ICPSR with Altmetrics Data

23. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly CommunicationRUL – http://libraries.rutgers.eduhttp://libraries.rutgers.edu Deposit Research Data in Dryad and Connect it with Publication

24. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly CommunicationRUL – http://libraries.rutgers.eduhttp://libraries.rutgers.edu Research Data and Program Script in Dryad

25. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly CommunicationRUL – http://libraries.rutgers.eduhttp://libraries.rutgers.edu 25 Embed FigShare Data in Open Access Publication

26. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly CommunicationRUL – http://libraries.rutgers.eduhttp://libraries.rutgers.edu 26 Research Data and Program Script in FigShare

27. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly CommunicationRUL – http://libraries.rutgers.eduhttp://libraries.rutgers.edu Institutional Research Data Repository with Altmetrics Data

28. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly CommunicationRUL – http://libraries.rutgers.eduhttp://libraries.rutgers.edu Open Access and Altmetrics  Open Access: a foundation for altmetrics  Role of librarians in engaging altmetrics  Librarians using altmetrics with their own work 28

29. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly CommunicationRUL – http://libraries.rutgers.eduhttp://libraries.rutgers.edu Open Access: a Foundation for Altmetrics  Alongside traditional publication, open access versions add to total impact (measured by altmetrics)  OA increases research impact (see OpCit )  OA is for all disciplines; not just those served by traditional metrics (WoS, Scopus, JCR)  Links to open access versions allow authors to market their work, legally share it, reach more readers (active, not passive)  Sharing open access articles, following their metrics, allows researcher to “tell a story” about the impact of a work  Open access versions drive traffic back to publisher version, increasing those metrics also. Before altmetrics, there is open access 29

30. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly CommunicationRUL – http://libraries.rutgers.eduhttp://libraries.rutgers.edu Role of Librarians in Engaging Altmetrics 30  Educate researchers about altmetrics (possibly useful for p&t, job searching, personal interest in engaging readers)  Advocate OA policy and practice  Develop and manage institutional repositories  Develop expertise in disciplinary repository options  Empower researchers to maximize their research impact via altmetrics and open access  Help determine appropriate metrics for each researcher and situation; no “one size fits all”  Create conversations about changes in scholarly communication, journal publishing, article level metrics, open access publishing; and be a part of a changing landscape

31. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly CommunicationRUL – http://libraries.rutgers.eduhttp://libraries.rutgers.edu Librarians Using Altmetrics with Their Own Work  Deposit all of your work in institutional repository and/or disciplinary repository (E-LIS) at time of acceptance for publication  Share your article by including it in sites such as LinkedIn, Academia.edu, Mendeley, or Twitter and watch its progress  Sign up for an ORCID ID, register with ImpactStory or other free researcher services  Experience with article level metrics allows librarians to see how scholarly communication is changing  Open access in action is very powerful; effective use of altmetrics can motivate further self-archiving  Open access allows librarians to participate globally; scholarship is downloaded worldwide 31

32. Understanding Altmetrics and Their Impact on Scholarly CommunicationRUL – http://libraries.rutgers.eduhttp://libraries.rutgers.edu Thank You! Questions? Please contact: Yingting Zhang, yzhang@ca.rutgers.edu, 732-235-7604yzhang@ca.rutgers.edu Minglu Wang, minglu@rutgers.edu, 973-353-3810minglu@rutgers.edu Laura Bowering Mullen, lbmullen@rci.rutgers.edu. 848-445-3663lbmullen@rci.rutgers.edu 32