1. Rich Johnson Manager Carrier Technology Development Northrop Grumman Newport News 18 November 2004 Which Came First the Aircraft, or the Aircraft Carrier? Or Designing an Aircraft Carrier for the 21st Century

2. Ship-Aircraft Interface Historical perspective Specific examples The Way Ahead

3. Pre WWII to Jet Age ESSEX on the other hand evolved From WWII to Viet Nam Why? Worked for a while JUPITER / LANGLEY First Aircraft Driven Ship Alteration Failed in the end

4. Carrier Evolution USS MIDWAY CV - 41 What was the total Life Cycle Cost? One SHIPALT at a time

5. Answer to the Title Question The Aircraft, and therein lies the challenge to the Shipbuilder…

6. F-35C Joint Strike Fighter (Carrier Variant)

7. F-35B Joint Strike Fighter (STOVAL Variant)

8. V-22 Osprey

9. Joint Unmanned Combat Air System (J-UCAS)

10. Future Aircraft??

11. Ship-Aircraft Integration Problems and Solutions - Some Specific Items Jet Blast Deflectors (JBD) Liquid Oxygen (LOX) JP-5 Fueling Systems Aircraft Electrical Servicing Stations (AESS)

12. Jet Blast Deflectors (JBD) Caused an Alt Next Generation… Then… and Now

13. Jet Blast Deflectors (JBD) JBD –Designed for F-14A –F-14A+ too Hot System design did not support next model of design reference aircraft. “Short sighted” Requirements? Or Lack of Technology?

14. New Passive Jet Blast Deflector Program DARPA / ONR Funded Program to explore use of Alternate Materials Eliminate use of Salt Water as cooling medium Design Requirements address forward fit (CVN-21) and back fit to Nimitz class

15. Liquid Oxygen (LOX) Generating Plants Out of ShipInstalled

16. Liquid Oxygen (LOX) Generating Plants LOX Requirements –99.5% pure –Designed for 80+ Consumers Very Costly Very difficult to down scale/remove/change Challenge the requirements –4 (or less) consumers by 2015

17. LOX Success Story Reduced Purity Requirements (94%) Eliminated need for Cryogenic System Can be accomplished with Commercial Off the Shelf System (COTS) Only E-2C Hawkeye Aircraft will need LOX

18. Jet Fuel (JP-5) System Fueling Pressures & Rates tied to old Aviation Gasoline and over wing fueling techniques Single Point Fueling could be at more than twice the current rate Continued “backward compatibility” results in no change

19. New JP-5 Fueling System Design New Flight Deck Design and Arrangement Higher Pressures, Greater Flow Rates Allows Faster “Turn-Around” of Aircraft –Pit Stop Concept Increases Sortie Rate Capability

20. Aircraft Electrical Service Stations (AESS) Legacy 115 VAC, 45 KVA System rolled over from a USS Midway CV-41 Ship alteration “Clean” power not a driver of design E-2C 2000 driving new 115 VAC - 90KVA requirement & a new cable JSF is a 270V DC system Electrical Requirements for J-UCAS and Future Aircraft?

21. Next Generation AESS Excellent test case –NavSea & NGNN exploring solid state solution to solve current 3 Phase/115 V quality issues –New lightweight AESS cable design to handle larger loads in testing –Actively Competing Dual Use - 115 VAC & 270 DC system for CVN-21 and potential backfit But what type of plug do we put at the end of the cable?

22. THE WAY AHEAD

23. New Paradigm Challenge Weapons System Approach –Ship & Aircraft as single system Integrate by industry and government from both sides of the equation Highest value engineering solutions may require change to both systems –Addressing Policy and Procedures –Avoid delivering “new” requirements to “other” system at the last minute. + =

24. Challenge: Think Years in Advance Integrate in Design, not Steel –1-3-8 Rule $ 1 integrated in design $ 3 integrated in modular construction $ 8 integrated during outfitting Designing today for delivery in 2013

25. VASCIC Aircraft / Ship Integration Center [ASIC]

26. QUESTIONS ? CVN-21

27. HAPPY BIRTHDAY HANK BECKSTOFFER YOU OLD HOKIE WHO’S LEADING?