1. ULTRALEV: Ultra-Low-Energy Video Sensor Networks for IoT ($700B market) Technology Research Center University of Turku Finland

2. Image data DSP (compression) DSP (compression) CLOUD (analysis) CLOUD (analysis) Compressed Data Focal Plane Processor (Kovilta) μW DSP (U. Turku) CLOUD (analysis when necessary) CLOUD (analysis when necessary) Status Updates Data when necessary Target: 1 mW sensor node average power Compressed data

3. Open Questions Optics Energy-efficient radio (should support wide bit range) Focal-plane processor API & compiler SW libraries Applications

4. Technology / Consortium Kovilta (SME, FIN) – Focal-plane processors, vision algorithms Minima (SME, FIN) / U. Turku (FIN) – Microwatt, picojoule ultra-low voltage technology E.g. 7,5μW, 3 pJ/op, 2,4Mhz, 0,4V RISC Hurja (SME, FIN) – Vision algorithms, SW, API Institute of Information Theory and Automation (CZE) – Hardware, vision algorithms

5. BONUS SLIDES: TECHNOLOGY DETAILS

6. Kovilta – KOVA focal plane platform Massively parallel pixel- level processing on a Focal-Plane Processor ASIC: – Real-time sensor adaptation, filtering and segmentation. – Minimal delay and energy consumption overhead – Instant reaction to image content with radical reduction of output data on the sensor chip. – More videos at kovilta.fi

7. Turku Technology Research Center 0.4V, 5 Piko Joule / Operation (20μW@25MHz) RISC Cores – Adaptive architecture, – Zero-margin design – Wide voltage range (from 0.35V to 1V) Application-specific ultra-low power DSP – E.g. 20MHz, 100μW, 31 MFLOPS machine learning DSP Efficient on-chip power management circuits (DC-DC)

8. Comparison Against ARM State-of-the-Art ARM M0+ 1 U. Turku RISC Technology65nm28nm28nm FDSOI Native energy (pJ/op)11.7 (750kHz)3.1 (3MHz)5.6 (23MHz) Energy normalized to 28nm63.15.6 Regulated energy (pJ/op)23-6.7 Core energy over Temp. & VDDc. 12-10 DC-DC peak eff.80%-85% DC-DC eff. over Temp. & VDDc. 65%-75% System energy over Temp. & VDD (2*(0.8*23pj))/0.65 55 @ 65nm 23 @ 28nm 8 1) An 80nW retention 11.7pJ/cycle active subthreshold ARM Cortex-M0+ subsystem in 65nm CMOS for WSN applications (ISSCC 2015 paper 8.1)