1. MAMMALS 6/2/14 Mr. Faia 6 th Grade Science

2. What is a Mammal?  Mammals are:  Endothermic vertebrates  4 Chambered heart  Skin covered with fur or hair

3. What is a Mammal?  Mammals are:  Mostly born alive (No eggs)  Fed with milk while young

4. Mammals First Appear  About 6,000 species  Mammals appeared about 160 million years ago

5. Mammals First Appear  Mammals evolved to either:  Specialize to live on land  OR live in water

6. Fur and Hair  All mammals have fur at some point  Helps maintain stable body temperature  Hair is composed of dead cells

7. Fur and Hair  Another adaptation to maintain body temp:  Layer of fat underneath skin

8. Teeth  Most mammals have 4 different types of teeth:  Incisors  Canines  Premolars  Molars

9. Teeth  Incisors are flat-edged teeth.  Molars and premolars grind and shred the food into bits.

10. Teeth  Canines are sharp, pointed teeth.

11. Getting Oxygen to Cells  What do mammals breathe with?

12. Getting Oxygen to Cells  Breathing is done with the help of 2 things:  Rib muscles  Diaphragm Large muscle that stretches across bottom of chest

13. Getting Oxygen to Cells  4 Chambered Heart  Left and Right Atrium  Left and Right Ventricle

14. Nervous System and Senses  Mammal brains have the ability to:  Learn  Remember  Behave in complex ways

15. Nervous System and Senses  Highly developed senses adapted for their environment  Name examples of animals with excellent:  Sight  Smell  Hearing

16. Reproducing and Caring for Young  Young mammals stay with their parent(s) for an extended time  Young mammals are fed milk through mammary glands

17. REVIEW  Name the 4 types of teeth in mammals.  What muscles aid in breathing?  Name the 4 chambers of a mammal heart.  How do mammals care for the young?  What does fur do for a mammal?  When did mammals first appear?  What else regulates body temperature in a mammal?  Are mammals endothermic or ectothermic?

18. Groups of Mammals  3 main groups:  Monotremes  Marsupials  Placental mammals

19. Monotremes  Mammals that lay eggs  3 total species  Live in Australia and New Guinea

20. Monotremes  Spiny Anteater  Eats ants  Lays eggs in a pouch  1 to 3 eggs laid

21. Monotremes  Duckbill Platypus  Webbed feet  Duck bill  Live in water and tunnels  Lays eggs in underground nest

22. Marsupials  Include:  Koalas  Kangaroos  Bandicoots  Wallabies  Opossums

23. Marsupials  Very short gestation period  Time between fertilization and birth  Young actually develop inside a pouch

24. Marsupials  Kangaroos:  Largest marsupial  Strong hind legs  Herbivores

25. Marsupials  Opossums:  Omnivores  Have up to 21 young at once  Will “play dead”

26. Placental Mammals  Young develop inside the mother’s body  Placenta is an organ that passes nutrients to the young

27. Placental Mammals  Grouped based on how they move and eat  Whales, dolphins  Cats, dogs, otters  Humans, monkeys, apes

28. REVIEW  Explain the difference in development of monotremes, marsupials, and placental mammals.  Name the 2 types of monotremes.  Name 5 examples of marsupials.  What is a gestation period?  Are humans monotremes, marsupials, or placental animals?  List 5 characteristics that all mammals share.  Describe 3 ways mammals are similar to birds.