1. Section 9.2 – The Flowering of Islamic Civilization
Describe how Muslim culture was able to flourish despite the fact that Muslim empire did not last as a political unit.
Describe cultural diffusion and how it occurs.
Explain the roles the location of Islamic lands and Muslim traders played in cultural diffusion throughout the Muslim Empire.
Describe 2 things Muslims spread to other cultures through trade.
Besides Arabs, what other people made up the Muslim Empire?

2. Section 9.3: City Building and Architecture
What are 3 reasons caliph al-Mansur decided to move the capital of the Muslim Empire from Damascus to Baghdad?
Based on the description in the textbook, draw a diagram of the city of Baghdad. Include at least 5 components of the text’s description, and label each component.
List and describe 5 architectural features of a mosque

3. Section 9.4: Scholarship and Learning
Muhammad stated, “The ink of scholars is more precious than the blood of martyrs.” What do you think Muhammad meant when he said this?
Describe 2 factors that promoted learning in Muslim lands. A. B.
What 3 cities in the Muslim Empire became great centers of learning?
How did Muslims philosophers follow the example of Greek scholars?
What was the Muslim philosopher Al-Kindi’s explanation for making reason and logical proof agree with faith?
Describe Ibn Sina’s (Avicenna’s) ideas related to knowledge and truth.

4. Section 9.5: Science and Technology
Describe 4 contributions Muslims made to zoology. A. B. C. D.
Describe 2 improvements or contributions Muslims made to astronomy. A. B.
What are 3 technological advancements Muslims used to get water? A. B. C.

5. Section 9.6: Geography and Navigation
What conclusions did Muslims arrive at concerning Earth’s shape and size?
What are 2 practical improvements that came about as a result of Muslims’ interest in geography?
Explain why The Book of Roads and Provinces and The Book of Countries were useful.
Describe 2 ways travelers were often good sources of knowledge.
From which culture did the Muslims learn about the compass?
What is the purpose of a compass?
From which culture did the Muslims learn about the astrolabe?
What is the purpose of an astrolabe? How would sailors have used it?
compass
astrolabe

6. Section 9.7: Mathematics
What is the Muslim mathematician al-Khwarizmi best known as?
Where does the word “algebra” come from?
The word “algebra” actually originates from an Arabic phrase. What does this Arabic phrase translate to in English?
What is algebra used for?
What are 2 reasons al-Khwarizmi’s books are important to mathematics? A. B.
What are the advantages of using Arabic numerals over Roman numerals?
Why is the Indian concept of zero – which Muslims helped to spread – so important?

7. Section 9.8: Medicine
Muslim doctors established the world’s first _____________.
In addition to providing treatment to those in need, what else did hospitals serve as?
Describe how Muslim hospital buildings were often organized.
What are 3 methods Muslim doctors often used to treat their patients’ ailments?
What ingredients did Muslim doctors use to make their remedies?
What are 3 types of surgeries that Muslim doctors performed?
Describe the work of the Persian doctor al-Razi.
Explain how Muslim doctors had a major impact on European medicine.

8. Section 9.9: Bookmaking and Literature
Describe the process Muslims bookmakers used to create books.
List and describe 3 types of literature Muslims were fond of creating.
Describe the premise and locations of A Thousand and One Nights, or Arabian Nights.
Explain how a European translator expanded upon A Thousand and One Nights.
Describe Sufism, and what Sufis hope to accomplish through their poetry.

9. Section 9.10: Art and Music
Explain why Muslims rejected the use of images of humans and animals in their religious art.
Since humans and animals were often not featured in Islamic art, what did Muslim artists include instead?
Describe the Muslim design style arabesque.
Describe how Muslim artists used geometry to create abstract, complex patterns.
Explain why Muslim calligraphers were honored above all other artists.
Provide examples of items Muslims decorated with calligraphy.

10. Section 9.10: Art and Music, continued
Explain how calligraphy is often used to decorate mosques.
Explain how Muslims brought great artistry to textile-making.
What Muslim city was famous for creating a unique style of music?
The unique style of music mentioned in question number 10 blended which cultures?
Describe Ziryab’s part in making Cordoba a musical center that would influence the rest of the world.
Explain how poets, vocalists, and other musicians worked together in Muslim Spain.

11. Section 9.11: Recreation Describe polo.
Explain why polo became popular among wealthy Muslims.
Describe the origins of chess, and how it was introduced into the Muslim world.
Explain why chess became so popular at all levels of Muslim society.
Describe the gameplay of chess.