1.  As you listen to this example, write down what instruments you hear, the tempo and what is happening in the music.

2.  Identify the common features found in Salsa Music.  Compare it with other fusions already studied.  Explore the rhythms and their importance to the music.

3.  An energetic and lively, Latin American dance from Cuba - Salsa means ‘hot and spicy’  a fusion of Cuban/Puerto-Rican music with American jazz  Lyrics in Spanish  8 beat dance rhythm: 1 2 3 _ 5 6 7 _  Partner dance  Clave rhythm3 - 2 or 2 – 3  Call and response

4.  Vocals – soloist = sonero chorus = Choro  Front line – trumpets, saxophones  Rhythm – piano, Spanish guitar, bass

5.  Various percussion – › Cowbell › Congo › claves › maracas › guiro

6. Claves 12345678 Have a cup of tea

7. Cow Bell 12345678

8. Guiro The guiro makes a scraping sound. Like the cow bell, the guiro accents beats 1, 3, 5, and 7 with long notes. Between these long notes it plays two short notes. 12345678

9.  3 main sections Sonero (verse main tune Soloist) Mambo (break - instrumental new material often brass) Changes of section may be marked by timbale (drum) Sections occur more than once in any order Montuno (chorus choro answer sonero improvises)

10.  Originally from Cuba. Spanish took Africans as slaves to replace the indigenous Indians who had died from diseases brought to Cuba by the Spanish  Music of the 2 cultures fused to produce ‘ Son ’. Puerto Ricans and Cubans travelled to USA ( New York) where Son began to combine with Big Band.

11. Salsa Son + Big Band =

12. Traditional Son Characteristics  Repeated clave rhythm 3-2 2-3  Syncopated percussion rhythms creating cross-rhythms  Call and response  Mainly primary chords 1, 4, 5  Percussion instruments Big Band/Jazz Characteristics  Syncopation  Jazz chords 7ths 9ths  Riffs  Imitation  Comping/vamping  Brass instruments  Double bass

13. This extract is an example of Salsa from Colombia  List three features that you hear that are characteristic of Salsa music. (3 marks)  At the end of the extract the voice sings a melody that is heard twice. Draw the shape of this melody (using either graphic or stave notation – if using stave notation, the first note is C) (6 marks)  What type of scale is the voice part based on? Ring your answer. (1 mark)  PentatonicMajorMinor Chromatic

14. List three features that you hear that are characteristic of Salsa music. (3 marks)  Latin American percussion (details) mixed with standard drum kit; piano/bass ostinati; syncopations/cross rhythms; vocal/brass call + response; ‘horn’ section (trumpets/trombones) (any three x 1 mark) At the end of the extract the voice sings a melody that is heard twice. Draw the shape of this melody (6 marks) What type of scale is the voice part based on? Ring your answer. (1 mark)Major

15.  Identify the common features found in Salsa Music.  Compare it with other fusions already studied.  Explore the rhythms and their importance to the music.