1. Aim: How can hormones influence the reproductive cycles in humans? Do Now: Using the diagrams below, which structures produce hormones? What hormones are produced?

2. The Hypothalamus & Pituitary Gland produce hormones that influence the gonads (ovary and testes) to produce sex hormones Hormonal Control of Reproductive Systems

3. Hormonal Regulation of the Testes: Beginning at puberty, the pituitary gland secretes FSH & LH. The rising levels of these hormones stimulate the testes to produce testosterone. Testosterone stimulates the production of sperm.

4. Boys Secondary Sex Characteristics Voice Deepens Facial Hair Muscular Development Pubic Hair These changes are due which hormone? TESTOSTERONE

5. Girls Secondary Sex Characteristics Hips widen Pubic Hair Breasts enlarge Due to the hormones estrogen and progesterone

6. Beginning at puberty, female reproductive organs undergo a cycle of changes that prepare the body for the possibility of pregnancy. The hypothalamus, the pituitary gland, and the ovaries produce hormones that control this cycle of change. What is this cycle of change called? Menstrual Cycle

7. Menstrual Cycle (28 Days) Follicular Phase Ovulation Corpus Luteum Phase

8. 1)Follicular Stage: FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) secreted from pituitary stimulates the ovary to produce estrogen Follicle- cells that surround & protect egg. FSH also causes egg to mature inside a follicle Estrogen causes the lining of uterus to begin to thicken- preparing for pregnancy 10-14 days

9. 2) Ovulation LH secreted by the pituitary increases and the follicle bursts Release of an egg into the oviduct (fallopian tube) This is when a woman can get pregnant Around day 14

10. 3) Corpus Luteum Phase Broken follicle is now a corpus luteum Secretes estrogen & progesterone to further thicken the lining of the uterus 10-14 days

11. MENSTRUATION Occurs if there is NO fertilization Hormones decrease Uterine lining sheds 3-7 days

12. Why does the menstrual cycle stop at as a women ages? The level of hormones start to decrease

13. Hormones & the menstrual cycle Which hormones peak before ovulation? Which hormone peaks after ovulation?