1. © 2011 wheresjenny.com  Is a joining word that joins two clauses.  A clause is a part of the large sentence. Example of a clauses:  He left the office before I reached there.  Julie doesn’t know why Sam is so lazy.  Is a joining word that joins two clauses.  A clause is a part of the large sentence. Example of a clauses:  He left the office before I reached there.  Julie doesn’t know why Sam is so lazy. SUBORDINATES

2. © 2011 wheresjenny.com Subordinates are the word such as after although as because before even if even though if in order that once provided that rather than since so that than that though unless until when whenever where whereas wherever whether while why Ex: He left the office before I reached there- A long sentence with two small sentences and joined with ‘ ‘before’ LIST OF SUBORDINATES

3. © 2011 wheresjenny.com a)After: "Call me after you arrive at work” b)Although: "Although she was tired, she couldn’t sleep” c)As: "As we explained last class, coordinating conjunctions are sentence connectors” d)Because: "I painted the house because it was a horrible color” a)After: "Call me after you arrive at work” b)Although: "Although she was tired, she couldn’t sleep” c)As: "As we explained last class, coordinating conjunctions are sentence connectors” d)Because: "I painted the house because it was a horrible color” EXAMPLES

4. © 2011 wheresjenny.com e) Before: "Come and visit me before you leave” f)How: "Let me show you how to knit” g)If: "It would be fantastic if you could come to the party”. h)Once: "Once you’ve learnt how to cycle, it’s very easy ”. e) Before: "Come and visit me before you leave” f)How: "Let me show you how to knit” g)If: "It would be fantastic if you could come to the party”. h)Once: "Once you’ve learnt how to cycle, it’s very easy ”. MORE EXAMPLES

5. © 2011 wheresjenny.com I live in India for the past 10 years. I am not familiar with most of the places although I have been living here for long. I live in India because my husband works here. As I mentioned earlier I am still unfamiliar with the places here and hence I find it quite tough to live here even after 10 years. I want to be familiar with India before I leave for France. Once I get familiar with the places I would feel good. I need someone to guide me on how to reach the important monuments in India. READING EXERCISE READ The passage below and understand the use of subordinates

6. © 2011 wheresjenny.com Fill in the blanks using the subordinate conjunctions (After/Although/As) a) ………. dinner, we’ll go see a movie.” b)“……….. I’d rather not, I’ll make an exception.” c)“………you know, she’s rather eccentric.” d) “………studying I shall go to play.” e) “I went to doctor…………I felt better.” Fill in the blanks using the subordinate conjunctions (After/Although/As) a) ………. dinner, we’ll go see a movie.” b)“……….. I’d rather not, I’ll make an exception.” c)“………you know, she’s rather eccentric.” d) “………studying I shall go to play.” e) “I went to doctor…………I felt better.” EXERCISE

7. © 2011 wheresjenny.com b)She went to the Doctor………..returning from school. c) ……….she studied well, she failed the test. d) ……..it was raining, the clothes got wet. e)Fred felt bad……….he was got red handed for stealing. b)She went to the Doctor………..returning from school. c) ……….she studied well, she failed the test. d) ……..it was raining, the clothes got wet. e)Fred felt bad……….he was got red handed for stealing. Fill in the blank spaces choosing the right conjunction word EXERCISE a) I tried hard to complete the task, …………. it seemed impossible. a) I tried hard to complete the task, …………. it seemed impossible.