2. Rome and the Rise of Christianity

3. Section 1. The Rise of Rome

4. Geography

5. Centrally located in the Mediterranean 7 hills=defense Located on the Tiber River=safe from sea attack, but had access to the sea

6. People of early Italy

7. Greeks-- Southern Italy

8. Etruscans--North of Rome Kings of Early Rome

9. Etruscan writing

10. Etruscan Funeral

14. Etruscan tomb

15. Etruscan Sarcophagus

17. Etruscan Temple

18. Belief in Soothsayers

19. Latins-- Rome

20. Romulus and Remus

21. The Republic 509 BC--Latins overthrow Etruscan kings and create a Republic (Representative government)

22. Class Struggle between The Patricians-- Landed Aristocrats And...

23. The Plebeians: commoners

24. Peace brought about by The Twelve Tables Written legal code Guaranteed rights to Plebeians

25. Republican Government 2 Consuls--temporary power of kings Tribunes-- representatives of the plebs

26. Senate:elected representatives

27. Dictator--single ruler during emergency

28. The Roman Army

29. Legion—basic unit— 5,000 men

30. 10 years universal service

31. Highly disciplined and trained

32. The Turtle

34. Balista

35. Medical kit

36. Roman Fort

37. Rome Conquers the Mediterranean 390 BC Rome sacked by Gauls--increases its army Romans conquer Italy

38. Pyrrhus Greek general who defeated Rome in every battle Lost so many men that the Greeks lost the war “Pyrrhic Victory”)

39. Citizenship for conquered territories= Lasting empire

40. Punic Wars 264-146 BC

41. Rome and Carthage clash over trade

42. Carthage

43. Med. Trade empire Centered on North Africa

44. First Punic War Carthage’s Advantages: –Greater population

45. World’s greatest navy

46. Rome’s Advantages: –Better Army--not mercenaries –Loyal allies –(no Navy)

47. Rome builds a navy

48. Rome wins, gets Sicily

49. 2nd Punic War

50. Hamilcar Barca and his son Hannibal in Spain

51. Hannibal Invades Italy from Spain

52. Crosses the Alps with elephants

54. Crushes Romans at Canae (30,000 Romans)

55. 10 years in Italy, but no victory: Romans wouldn’t leave the cities

56. Roman General Scipio attacks Carthage

57. Hannibal forced to return home--defeated at Zama Scipo becomes Scipio Aficanus

58. Third Punic War Rome attacks Carthage out of spite

59. Carthaginian’s Last Stand

60. Carthage burned

61. Rome takes over its empire— now rules the Mediterranean

62. Intermission