1. The Union in Peril Events leading to the Civil War

2. New Communication  The Telegraph invented by Samuel F. B. Morse- instant communication tapped out in code

3. The Market Revolution  People began buying & selling goods rather than making things for their own use  Specialization- raising one or two cash crops that could be sold  The rise of Capitalism- economic system in which private owners control business for profit

4. New Inventions  Vulcanized rubber  Sewing Machine  Steel Plow invented by John Deer  Mechanical reaper invented by Cyrus McCormick

5. Improvements in Transportation  Steamboats  Building of canals  Railroads crossed America

6.  Federalists vs. Democratic Republicans  Hamilton’s Economic Plan 1790  War of 1812  Missouri Compromise 1820  Nullification Crisis 1832  Annexation of Texas In your groups, tell how did each of these demonstrate Sectionalism.

7. The North  Industrialized  Railroads  Telegraph system  Small towns & cities grew  Immigrants  Industrial workers  Fear expansion of slavery

8. 8 The North

9. The South  Agricultural (cotton)  Few Railroads  Few Factories  Mostly Rural  Few immigrants  Farms & Plantations  Slaves as a source of labor

10. 10 The South

13. The Wilmot Proviso  No slavery in territory acquired from Mexico- including California, New Mexico & Utah  North and South disagree on the topic and congress votes against the Proviso

14. California for Statehood  California writes constitution & applies for statehood  President Zachary Taylor supports admission of California as free state  Recommends that slavery be decided by each territory  South angry by recommendation

15.  Secession- a formal withdrawal of a state from the Union The South was mad about…  California being a free state  Washing DC wanted to ban the slave trade  The North not enforcing the Fugitive Slave Act of 1793

16.  Henry Clay offers Compromise of 1850  For the North, California would become a free state  For the South, Stronger fugitive slave law  Also, residents of territories would decide on the issue slavery- Popular sovereignty  Slave trade banned in Washington D.C. Clay begs North & South to compromise

17.  Declared that all runaway slaves, upon capture, were to be returned to their masters  Finding/capturing fugitive slaves was federal government’s responsibility  Slaves could be arrested without an arrest warrant  Many free African-Americans also arrested  Rewards were given to officers who captured slaves

19.  The Fugitive Slave Act brought the issue of slavery to the North  Northerners began to send fugitives to Canada