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Published byClemence Cook Modified over 8 years ago
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Chapter 10: The Structure & Function of Plants
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Chapter 10, Section 1 & 2: The Plant Kingdom What is a plant? Nearly all plants produce their own food (autotrophs) They are made up of many cells and different types of tissue (eukaryotic) All plant cells are surrounded by cell walls
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TABLE TALK Recall that tissues are groups of similar cells that perform a specific function. Tissues form organs that have specific functions. How many different plant organs can you think of?
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(As you write these notes, leave spaces) Adaptations for living on land Table Talk: What do you suppose these structures are? Plants must have structures that allow them to: – Obtain water, nutrients & sunlight Roots Leaves – Retain water Cuticle – waxy, waterproof coating that covers the leaves of most plants; reduces water loss – Transport materials in their bodies Vascular tissue – Support their bodies Stems & leaves – Reproduce Eggs & sperm
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Classification of Plants NONVASCULAR PLANTS – Plants that lack a well- developed system of tubes for transporting water and other materials – Low growing – No roots – Thin cell walls – Obtain water/nutrients directly from their surroundings – ie: mosses, liverworts, hornworts liverwort moss hornwort Table Talk: Why do nonvascular plants have thin cell walls?
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VASCULAR PLANTS Have true vascular tissue (similar to tubes or veins) Better suited to live in dry areas Transport water & nutrients Vascular tissue provides strength, stability, & support
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TYPES OF VASCULAR PLANTS Seedless – reproduce by making spores Gymnosperms – reproduce by seeds – no fruits or flowers Angiosperms – flower and produce seeds that are surrounded by fruit
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Table Talk Can you name some other: Seedless vascular plants? Gymnosperms? Angiosperms?
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Plants have complex life cycles All plants, both vascular and non-vascular go through two stages: 1.Sporophyte – the plant produces spores, tiny cells that can grow into new organisms 2.Gametophyte – this is the new organism where sex cells (eggs and sperm) are created
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As you can see, this process is very complicated for a flowering plant! Stay tuned: more on pollination later! See Brainpop “Seedless Plants” End
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