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Diffusion Osmosis Carrier mediated transport Na+/K+ pump
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This slide show may have information that you learned in general biology and chemistry but the applications are related to physiology. Be sure you understand all terms and can apply the concepts to physiological and clinical applications. Quantitative problems will also be presented from this information and part of unit1, exam 1.
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Net diffusion occurs when there is a concentration gradient. And the membrane is permeable to the diffusing substance
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Molecule that are nonpolar can easily pass (O 2, steroids) Uncharged small molecules (C0 2, urea,ethanol) can also pass Water can pass because of the molecules small size and lack of net charge. (osmosis)
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Glucose is an example Requires a special carrier protein in the membrane
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Na+ and K+ are examples ION CHANNELS, pores within integral proteins permit passage of these ions.
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How does cystic fibrosis relate to diffusion and ion channels???
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Requirements: Membrane must be selectively permeable Membrane must be relatively impermeable to the solute There must be a concentration gradient
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Hint 1: protein concentration of blood plasma is normally higher that the protein concentration of tissue fluid. Hint 2: The major protein in blood plasma is albumin Hint 3: Plasma protein cannot pass from capillaries to tissue fluid.
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The force that would have to be exerted to prevent osmosis. A 0.3 m (molal) glucose solution is 0.3 Osm (osmolalty) or 300 mOsm (milliosmolal) has the same osmotic pressure as plasma
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Hint 1: NaCl ionizes Hint 2: normal saline is.9 grams of NaCl per 100ml, which is.15m)
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Hint: This solution is said to be isosmotic to plasma. How would you make a 5% dextrose solution?
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