1. Unit 3 Indian Performing Arts

2. Influences of Culture Caste System A system where people are classified by heredity One must remain in the occupation they are born into. Hinduism A religion where the goal is to achieve oneness with the supreme world-soul. The soul and spirit is the essence of life. QUESTION: How can these practices influence the performing arts?

3. Sanskrit Drama Sanskrit – the language of the noble classes. Sanskrit Drama – performed for the noble people in court and told stories based on Indian myth. Sudtradhara – the leader of the Sanskrit drama troupe who was the main actor and managed the productions.

4. Natyasastra Natyasastra translates to “The Study of Theatre” or “The Art of Theatre” Natyasastra is an encyclopedia of theatrical practice that describes: - the origin of theatre - the theatre space - the gestures, posture, music, dance, and voice used

5. The Nine Rasas Rasa – “essence”, the powerful feeling portrayed by an actor and felt by the audience. 1.Love 6. Disgust 2.Humor 7. Fear 3.Anger 8. Courage 4.Grief 9. Peace 5. Wonder QUESTION: Which rasa do you relate most with? Which one do you relate least with?

6. Kathakali Kathakali – a dance drama without dialogue that requires quick footwork and complex movements with exact timing with the music. Kathakali is about clashes between good and evil, but good always wins.

7. Characteristics of Kathakali Presented at sunset by torchlight Traditionally lasted all night, but now for 3-4 hours. Violence/death are shown onstage in pantomime Demons and gods are featured Actors pray before preparing for the character.

8. Kathakali Costume/Makeup Cutti – plactic or paper structure secured to jawline of actor by spirit gum. Vellinakam – long, polished silver tips added to left hand of actor to lengthen fingers and draw attention to hand gestures. Chilanka – bells tied around female’s ankles to sound the foot movements.

9. Indian Musical Instruments Tabla – a pair of drums whose pitches can be varied Sitar – large, long- necked stringed instrument with 18-20 strings.