1. 3 kinds of variables Independent Dependent Constant

2. Independent variable What you change on purpose

3. Dependent variable What you are measuring

4. constant What stays the same

5. Steps of the scientific method Ask a question or state the problem Make hypothesis Test hypothesis Analyze data and get results Make conclusion

6. Organelle Mini organ inside a cell with a specific function

7. Cell wall Provides Structure and support for plant cells

8. Nucleus Controls the cell

9. Nucleolus Makes ribosomes

10. chloroplast Does photosynthesis Converts sunlight into energy

11. Cytoplasm Gel like substance that holds all the organelles in place

12. ribosome Makes proteins

13. mitochondria Powerhouse of the cell Makes energy

14. Cell membrane Controls what goes in and out of the cell

15. Golgi Complex Packages materials out of the cell

16. Vacuole Stores food and water

17. Endoplasmic reticulum Passageways through the cell

18. Lysosome Gets rid of waste and worn out cell parts

19. Cell Smallest unit that can carry out all life processes Basic unit of all living things

20. Cell theory All cells come from other cells All living things have cells Cells are basic unit of life

21. Characteristics of all living things Have One or more Cells DNA Protective covering

22. Characteristics of all living things Do Grow or develop Give off waste Move or expand territory Reproduce Adjust to environment

23. Characteristics of all living things Need Energy Resources, oxygen, CO2, nutrients Water Shelter or habitat

24. 2 kinds of cells Prokaryotic Eukaryotic

25. Prokaryotic Cells with no nucleus Example-bacteria

26. Eukaryotic Cells with a nucleus Example-plants and animals

27. Hypothesis If, then, because statement Prediction about what will happen Must be testable

28. New Cards

29. Front Benefits of being multicellular Back 1.Can be bigger 2.Longer life span 3.Specialized cells

30. Front Organization of living things Back 1.Cells 2.Tissue 3.Organ 4.Organ system

31. Front Tissue Back Many cells working together Example: muscle tissue

32. Front organ Back Many tissues working together Example: stomach

33. Front Organ system Back Many organs working together Example: digestive system

34. Front Two types of cellular transport Back Active and passive transport

35. Front Active transport Back cell does use energy to move particles Moves particles from Low concentration to high concentration

36. Front Types of active transport Back Endocytosis Exocytosis

37. Front Endocytosis Back Particles moving into a cell using energy Low concentration to high concentration

38. Front exocytosis Back Particles leaving a cell using energy Low concentration to high concentration

39. Front Passive transport Back cell moving particles without using energy High concentration to low concentration

40. Front Types of passive transport Back Osmosis diffusion

41. Front osmosis Back Movement of water through a selectively permeable membrane to reach equilibrium High to low concentration

42. Front Diffusion Back movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Example: odors spreading out through a room

43. Front When comparing two solutions there are three possible relationships Back Hypertonic Hypotonic Isotonic

44. Front Hypertonic Back A solution that causes a cell to shrink because of osmosis. Meaning water leaves the cell.

45. Front Hypotonic Back. A solution that causes a cell to swell because of osmosis meaning water rushes into the cell.

46. Front Isotonic Back A solution that causes no change in cell size. Meaning there is no net movement of water.

47. Front Autotroph Back Organism that makes their own food Example: plants

48. Front Heterotroph Back Organisms that eat other organisms Example: animals

49. Front Photosynthesis Back The process by which the energy of sunlight is converted into the energy of glucose

50. Front Formula for photosynthesis Back Uses: Sunlight, Water, Carbon Dioxide Makes: Sugar (glucose) and Oxygen

51. Front Chlorophyll Back The pigment inside the chloroplast that absorbs light for photosynthesis

52. Front Cellular respiration Back The release of chemical energy (ATP) in the mitochondria for use by cells.

53. Front Formula for cellular respiration Back Uses: Sugar (glucose) and Oxygen Makes: Energy (ATP), Water, Carbon Dioxide

54. Front Equilibrium Back The concentration of particles is equal inside and outside of cells

55. Front Semi-permeable Back Some things can pass through a membrane but others can’t

56. Front Steps of the cell cycle Back Interphase Mitosis Cytokinesis

57. Front Interphase Back DNA copies itself, you can see the nucleus, and the cell grows

58. Front DNA replication Back DNA copying itself

59. Front Steps of Mitosis Back Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase

60. Front Prophase Back Nucleus disappears and you can see the chromosomes

61. Front metaphase Back Chromosomes line up in the middle

62. Front Anaphase Back Chromosomes move to opposite sides of the cell

63. Front Telophase Back Cell starts to split into two cells and new nucleus forms

64. Front Cytokinesis Back Cell divides in two

65. Front Chromosome Back Made of DNA and found in the nucleus

66. Front Initials of the cell cycle Back IPIP M A T

67. Study your flashcards for the rest of class