1. CHAPTERCHAPTER Sadker/Zittleman, Teachers, Schools, and Society, Ninth Edition. © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. TEACHERS, SCHOOLS, AND SOCIETY NINTH EDITION DAVID MILLER SADKER KAREN R. ZITTLEMAN Student Life in School and at Home 4

2. Sadker/Zittleman, Teachers, Schools, and Society, Ninth Edition. © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. SCHOOL TIME Figure 4.1 Source: From Jon Goodlad, A Place Called School (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1984/2004). 4.1

3. Sadker/Zittleman, Teachers, Schools, and Society, Ninth Edition. © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. CLASS TIME -Wasted time (3 R’s: Rules, Rituals, Routines) -Limited time spent on staples (reading; subject-matter instruction) -Phillip Jackson – gatekeeping (p. 117) -Patterns of delay: -handing out materials -Time keeping -Behavior management

4. Sadker/Zittleman, Teachers, Schools, and Society, Ninth Edition. © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. TRACKING Benefits Early career preparation Liabilities Reflects socioeconomic class Student Generated Responses 4.2

5. Sadker/Zittleman, Teachers, Schools, and Society, Ninth Edition. © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. PEER GROUPS IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL Elementary schoolers are highly influenced by their peer groups Rejection by a peer group is an indicator of problem in the future: both social and academic (p. 125) Teachers must work to create a humane and caring classroom!!!!!

6. Sadker/Zittleman, Teachers, Schools, and Society, Ninth Edition. © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. MIDDLE SCHOOLERS’ SELF-PERCEPTION Source: Roper Youth Report, Question 22, Self-Perception, 1999. 4.3

7. Sadker/Zittleman, Teachers, Schools, and Society, Ninth Edition. © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. ADOLESCENT ANGST (WHAT TEENS SAY) What other “woes” and “wows” have you heard from teens? Source: Are We Preparing Students for the 21 st Century? Metropolitan Life Survey of The American Teacher, 2000), p. 46 4.4

8. Sadker/Zittleman, Teachers, Schools, and Society, Ninth Edition. © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. HIGH SCHOOL PEER GROUPS Peer groups tend to define the quality of students’ school life Caste system What group did you belong to in high school?

9. Sadker/Zittleman, Teachers, Schools, and Society, Ninth Edition. © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. THE CHANGING AMERICAN FAMILY Figure 4.3 Source: Federal Interagency Forum on Child and Family Statistics, America’s Children: Key National Indicators of Well-Being, 2008. 4.5

10. Sadker/Zittleman, Teachers, Schools, and Society, Ninth Edition. © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. HOME LIFE Issues students face (non-school related): Latch key kids Divorce Poverty Homelessness

11. Sadker/Zittleman, Teachers, Schools, and Society, Ninth Edition. © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. SOCIAL ISSES STUDENTS FACE: STUDENTS AT RISK Dropping out Sexuality and teen pregnancy Substance abuse Obesity and eating disorders Youth suicide Bullying

12. Sadker/Zittleman, Teachers, Schools, and Society, Ninth Edition. © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. CHILDREN IN POVERTY AND WITHOUT HEALTH INSURANCE Figure 4.4 Source: Childstats.gov Federal Interagency Forum on Child and Family Statistics. America’s Children: Key National Indicators of Well-Being, 2008, and Sarah Fass & Nancy K. Cauthen, Who Are America’s Poor? National Center for Children in Poverty, 2008. 4.6

13. Sadker/Zittleman, Teachers, Schools, and Society, Ninth Edition. © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. BOOKS AND SOCIOECONOMIC CLASS Figure 4.5 Source: Adapted from Royal Van Horn. (2008). Bridging the chasm between research and practice: A guide to major educational research. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield Education, p. 32. 4.7

14. Sadker/Zittleman, Teachers, Schools, and Society, Ninth Edition. © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. KINDERGARTNERS READ TO DAILY Source: Adapted from Royal Van Horn. (2008). Bridging the chasm between research and practice: A guide to major educational research. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield Education, p. 33. 4.8 Income Percent of Children

15. Sadker/Zittleman, Teachers, Schools, and Society, Ninth Edition. © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. WORDS IN THE HOME Source: Adapted from Royal Van Horn. (2008). Bridging the chasm between research and practice: A guide to major educational research. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield Education, p. 39. 4.9 Family Income Number of Words

16. Sadker/Zittleman, Teachers, Schools, and Society, Ninth Edition. © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATION RATES Figure 4.6 Source: Education Research Center, Cities in Crisis, April 2008. 4.10

17. Sadker/Zittleman, Teachers, Schools, and Society, Ninth Edition. © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. TEACHING: IT’S MORE THAN ACADEMIC Video Segment 9 Concerns for students’ emotional well-being Do teachers teach subjects or students?

18. Sadker/Zittleman, Teachers, Schools, and Society, Ninth Edition. © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. AT-RISK RESPONSES At-Risk Strategies Intervene early: Identify and address causes: Restructure school practices: Offer alternative programs: Other(s): Specific Teacher Responses Student Generated Suggestions 4.11

19. Sadker/Zittleman, Teachers, Schools, and Society, Ninth Edition. © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. KEY TERMS ability grouping The assignment of pupils to homogeneous groups according to intellectual ability or level for instructional purposes. alternative families Family units that differ from the traditional image; examples include foster care children, single parents, central role of grandparents, and gay couples. detrack The movement to eliminate school tracking practices, which often have racial, ethnic, and class implications. gatekeeping Philip Jackson's term describing how teachers control classroom interactions. latchkey A term used to describe children who go home after school to an empty house; their parents or guardians are usually working and not home.

20. Sadker/Zittleman, Teachers, Schools, and Society, Ninth Edition. © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. KEY TERMS McKinney Vento Homeless Assistance Act The primary piece of federal legislation dealing with the education of homeless children in public schools. sociograms A diagram that is constructed to record social interactions, such as which children interact frequently and which are isolates. tracking The method of placing students according to their ability level in homogeneous classes or learning experiences. Once a student is placed, it may be very difficult to move up from one track to another. The placements may reflect racism, classism, or sexism. unremarked revolution The unheralded but persistent move of schools away from formal tracking programs.

21. Sadker/Zittleman, Teachers, Schools, and Society, Ninth Edition. © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. FOCUS QUESTIONS 1. What rituals and routines shape classroom life? 2. How is class time related to student achievement? 3. How does the teacher's gate keeping function influence classroom roles? 4. What is tracking, and what are its advantages and disadvantages? 5. Why has "detracking" become a popular movement? 6. How do peer groups influence elementary school life? 7. In what ways does the adolescent culture shape teenage perceptions and behaviors? 8. What impact do changing family patterns and economic issues have on children and schools? 9. How can educators respond to social issues that place children at risk?