1. The McGraw-Hill Companies ∙ The Art of Public Speaking, 11th Edition © 2012 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved.

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3. The McGraw-Hill Companies ∙ The Art of Public Speaking, 11th Edition © 2012 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Similarities: Logically organized thoughts Messages tailored to audience Stories told for maximum impact Feedback adapted to

4. The McGraw-Hill Companies ∙ The Art of Public Speaking, 11th Edition © 2012 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Differences: Public speaking more highly structured Public speaking requires more formal language Public speaking requires different method of delivery

5. The McGraw-Hill Companies ∙ The Art of Public Speaking, 11th Edition © 2012 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Anxiety over prospect of speaking in front of audience

6. The McGraw-Hill Companies ∙ The Art of Public Speaking, 11th Edition © 2012 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Acquire experience Prepare, prepare, prepare Think positively

7. The McGraw-Hill Companies ∙ The Art of Public Speaking, 11th Edition © 2012 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Use power of visualization Know most nervousness is not visible Don’t expect perfection

8. The McGraw-Hill Companies ∙ The Art of Public Speaking, 11th Edition © 2012 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Controlled nervousness that energizes speaker for presentation

9. The McGraw-Hill Companies ∙ The Art of Public Speaking, 11th Edition © 2012 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Picturing oneself giving successful presentation

10. The McGraw-Hill Companies ∙ The Art of Public Speaking, 11th Edition © 2012 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Focused, organized thinking Involves relationships among ideas, soundness of evidence, differences between fact & opinion

11. The McGraw-Hill Companies ∙ The Art of Public Speaking, 11th Edition © 2012 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Speaker Message Channel Listener Feedback Interference Situation

12. The McGraw-Hill Companies ∙ The Art of Public Speaking, 11th Edition © 2012 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved.

13. Sum of person’s knowledge, experience, goals, values, attitudes

14. The McGraw-Hill Companies ∙ The Art of Public Speaking, 11th Edition © 2012 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Everything filtered through listener’s frame of reference No two people have same frame of reference

15. The McGraw-Hill Companies ∙ The Art of Public Speaking, 11th Edition © 2012 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Believing one’s group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures

16. The McGraw-Hill Companies ∙ The Art of Public Speaking, 11th Edition © 2012 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Respect listeners’ cultural values Adapt messages to expectations Imagine oneself in place of listeners

17. The McGraw-Hill Companies ∙ The Art of Public Speaking, 11th Edition © 2012 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Be alert to feedback Listeners also have to avoid ethnocentrism

18. The McGraw-Hill Companies ∙ The Art of Public Speaking, 11th Edition © 2012 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved.