2. 100 DNA Structure SL Replication SL Replication HL DNA Structure Hl 400 300 200 300 400

3.  DNA stands for _________.

4.  Deoxyribonucleic Acid Home

5.  What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

6.  Adenine  Thymine  Guanine  Cytosine Home

7.  Which two nitrogenous bases are bonded with a double hydrogen bond, and which are bonded with a triple hydrogen bond?

8.  Adenine- Thymine = 2H  Guanine- Cytosine = 3H Home

9.  Please draw and label a simple diagram of the molecular structure of DNA.

10. Home

11.  Please draw and number the carbons on a pentose sugar.

12. Home

13.  Each strand of DNA is composed of a backbone of alternating phosphate and deoxyribose molecules. These two molecules are held together by a _________ linkage.

14.  Phosphodiester Home

15.  Coding fragments make up what are known as ________ and non-coding fragments make up what are known as _________.

16.  Exons  Introns Home

17.  What do scientists call highly repetitive DNA sequences that our dispersed randomly throughout the genome?

18.  Satellite DNA Home

19.  What enzymes are needed for replication?

20.  Helicase and a group of enzymes collectively called DNA polymerase. Home

21.  What are free nucleotides?

22.  These are nucleotides that are not yet bonded and are found floating freely in the nucleoplasm. They contain nitrogenous bases. Home

23.  What enzyme catalyzes the formation of a covalent bond between two adjoining nucleotides in replication?

24.  Polymerase Enzymes Home

25.  DNA replication is described as a ______ process because half of a pre-existing DNA molecule is always saved.

26.  Semi-conservative Home

27.  Which enzyme causes ‘unzipping’ to occur?

28.  Helicase Home

29.  DNA can only be assembled in a ____’ to ____’ direction.

30.  5’ to 3’ Home

31.  In the process of elongating a new DNA strand, what provides the energy necessary for chemical bonding of the nucleotides?

32.  The loss of two phosphates form deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTP). Home

33.  What is the function of DNA ligase?

34.  It joins the ends of DNA segments and Okazaki fragments to complete replication. Home