1. America After the Great War Chapter 12

2. Wilson’s Leftovers  19 th Amendment  U.S. didn’t join the League of Nations  His hero image increased immigration to U.S.  Increased 600% (141,000 to 805,000 peeps) between 1919-1921  Increase in immigration = rise of nativism AGAIN

3. Nativism Brings Negative Actions Against Immigrants  Emergency Quota Act of 1921 = Quota System  Target = southern & eastern Euro.  Jap. Immigration prohibited too; angers Jap. gov.  KKK rises AGAIN  Hatred towards immigrants, blacks, Catholics, Jews, Communists, unions, & anti-prohibitionists  Harassment & violence Harassment & violence  Sacco & Vanzetti = victims of nativist’s beliefs  Italian immigrants charged & found guilty of robbery & murder – May 1920

4. Americans Fear Communism  Brought about from communist revolt. in Russia during WWI  Communist Party formed in U.S. (as a 3 rd political party)  Many union members joined  Panic = “Red Scare” – public fear of communist takeover of gov.

5. Gov. Combats Commie Fear  Attorney General Mitchell Palmer implemented “Palmer Raids”  Appointed J. Edgar Hoover as his special assistant  Palmer Raids failed to gain evidence of revolutionary conspiracy  Public opinion turned against him

6. Labor Unrest  Tensions built up ‘cuz couldn’t strike during WWI  After war, workers began to demand higher wages & better working conditions  Rash of strikes broke out, but public didn’t support strikes  Ex: Boston Police Strike, U.S. Steel Strike  Public saw strikers as troublemakers & supporters of communism  Americans tried of fighting from the Great War; want a “return to normal & peaceful living”

7. New Decade = New President  1921 – Warren Harding (R) elected as president #29  Considered one of the least successful presidents  His cabinet also included his poker-playing buddies called the “Ohio Gang”  Corrupt friends used graft to become wealthy  Tea Pot Dome Scandal = Sec. of State Albert Fall sold extracting rights to public-owned oil rich lands to oil companies; Fall was paid over $400,000 for it

8. Harding’s Foreign Legacy  Washington Naval Conference  Russia not allowed to attend  Kellogg-Briand Pact  Futile ‘cuz no means of enforcement  Fordney-McCumber Tariff  Raised taxes on imports 60%; financially hurt G.B. & France = can’t repay $10 mil. war debt to U.S. now  Dawes Plan  Created resentment between former war allies

9. 2 New Presidents  Harding died in office – 1923  V.P. Calvin Coolidge (R) assumed presidency  Herbert Hoover (R) elected #31 president -1928  Both Coolidge & Hoover are pro-business  Keep gov. interference in biz. to a minimum = allow private enterprise to flourish  Cont. high tariffs  Lower income taxes  Increased wages

10. Summarize & Highlight  Recap what you have learned from the previous slides in complete sentences.  Go back & highlight slide titles & key terms, peeps, actions, etc.