2. Quick Write 1 What groups often suffer discrimination in tough economic times (two answers)

3. V. 1920s A. Post WWI conflicts 1. Ku Klux Klan a. Response to society: less Church influence, more permissiveness b. sold memberships, blamed immigrants & played on fears of political radicals

4. 1925: David Stephenson, Indiana Klan leader, convicted of 2 nd degree murder (jail) 1930: The Klan had 9,000 members (corruption, greed, immorality)

5. Ku Klux Klan in 1920’s White Protestant males (no women) Against Catholics, Jews, immigrants, Af Am., etc moral crusade, popular w/ppl new to cities 1925: 5 mill members ($10 membership fee, $120 today)

6. Poster: Birth of a Nation D. W. Griffith's epic film glorified the racist Ku Klux Klan. President Woodrow Wilson called it "history written with lightning." Poster: Birth of a Nation Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

7. Ku Klux Klan pamphlet: "America for Americans" This image is from a Ku Klux Klan pamphlet published in the mid-1920s, when the Klan claimed as many as five million members nationwide. The Klan portrayed itself as defending traditional, white, Protestant America against Jews, Catholics, and African Americans. (Private Collection ) Ku Klux Klan pamphlet: "America for Americans" Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

8. Ku Klux Klan parade in Washington, D.C., September 13, 1926 In a brazen display of power, the Ku Klux Klan organized a march in the nation's capital in 1926. By this time, the Klan was already in decline. 40,000 ppl attend parade at White House Ku Klux Klan parade in Washington, D.C., September 13, 1926 Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

9. KKK had 3,000 members in 2005

10. 2. Red Scare (fear of communists) a. Response to “threat of communist revolution” b. Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer 1. Led raids against communists & ignored civil rights

11. 2. feared a communist plot against the US 3. wanted to protect Am from political radicals c. Am Civil Liberties Union formed in 1920s to protect individual rts from govt abuse

12. The Red Scare Socialists were 1/10 of 1% of adult population

13. “Red Scare” – Palmer Raids A. Mitchell Palmer’s Home Bombed, 1920

14. Police Arrest “Suspected Reds’ in Chicago, 1920 “Red Scare” – Palmer Raids

15. A. Mitchell Palmer Given $500,000 (5.8 mill) by Congress to rid US of communist threat

16. Vanzetti and Sacco S & V were Italian immigrants, politically radical (anarchists—ppl who don’t recognize govt authority)

17. 3. Sacco & Vanzetti a. Accused of robbing a shoe factory in Massachusetts & killing 2 ppl b. No stolen $ recovered, no previous criminal record c. Judge & jury foreman made prejudiced remarks d. Aug 23, 1927: Executed, showed Am to be anti-immigrants

18. Random & Useless Both Italian anarchists who came to the US in 1908, Sacco came to the US in at age 17, Vanzetti was 20 They fled to Mexico in 1917 to avoid the draft A shoemaker, Sacco married Rosina & had one son, Dante Vanzetti worked menial odd jobs, was single & had no children The judge referred to them as “those anarchist bastards!” & the jury foreman said “they oughta hang!” In 1977, Massach Gov Michael Dukakis pardoned them posthumously, 50 yrs after their execution Sacco & Vanzetti:

19. He believed that he needed to protect American people from political radicals and organized raids because he believed there was a communist plot to overthrow the government A. Mitchell Palmer

20. This was a reaction to a perceived threat of communism in the US. Red Scare

21. Sacco & Vanzetti were convicted of these crimes Robbery & murder

22. This organization blamed America's problems on immigrants, played on people's fears of political radicals, and allowed members to profit from recruiting new members. It became unpopular when one of its leaders went to jail for murder KKK