1. What is a Stereotype? A stereotype is an oversimplified generalization about an entire group of people without regard for individual differences. A stereotype is an oversimplified generalization about an entire group of people without regard for individual differences. Example: Blondes are dumb. Example: Blondes are dumb. or: Asians are good in math. or: Asians are good in math.

2. What is Prejudice? Prejudice is pre-judging, making a decision about a person or group without sufficient knowledge. Prejudicial thinking is based on stereotypes. Prejudice is an attitude. Prejudice is pre-judging, making a decision about a person or group without sufficient knowledge. Prejudicial thinking is based on stereotypes. Prejudice is an attitude. Example: I don’t like teenagers because Example: I don’t like teenagers because they’re lazy. they’re lazy. or: I don’t like teachers because they’re or: I don’t like teachers because they’re mean. mean.

3. What is Discrimination? Discrimination is the behavior that can follow prejudicial thinking. It is the denial of justice and fair treatment in many arenas, including employment, housing, and political rights. Discrimination is the behavior that can follow prejudicial thinking. It is the denial of justice and fair treatment in many arenas, including employment, housing, and political rights. For example: I won’t hire women; they’re too For example: I won’t hire women; they’re too emotional. emotional. or: Let’s not invite the poor kids to the or: Let’s not invite the poor kids to the birthday party. birthday party.

4. Can You Tell the Difference? Third graders are all babies. Third graders are all babies. (Stereotype) (Stereotype) We don’t like the third graders. We don’t like the third graders. (Prejudice) (Prejudice) Let’s not let the third graders play with us. Let’s not let the third graders play with us. (Discrimination) (Discrimination) The prejudice is based on the stereotype. The discrimination is based on the prejudice.

5. Can You Tell the Difference? I don’t like teenagers. I don’t like teenagers. (Prejudice) (Prejudice) Teenagers aren’t allowed in my store. Teenagers aren’t allowed in my store. (Discrimination) (Discrimination) All teenagers shoplift. All teenagers shoplift. (Stereotype) (Stereotype) The prejudice is based on the stereotype. The discrimination is based on the prejudice.

6. This is an example of? “Teenagers are the reason why prices are so high.” “Teenagers are the reason why prices are so high.” 1. What is the underlying assumption in this statement? 2. How would you know if this is accurate? 3. What are some other reasons prices might be high? 4. Do you think it’s fair to blame teenagers for high prices without more factual information? 5. How might stereotyping lead to blaming? If you thought all teenagers were thieves, then anytime something was stolen you would most likely blame a teenager.

7. Scapegoating Scapegoating is when people unfairly blame a person or group for something, when, in fact the blame lies elsewhere or it is uncertain where the blame lies. Scapegoating is when people unfairly blame a person or group for something, when, in fact the blame lies elsewhere or it is uncertain where the blame lies.

8. How Does Hitler Get Others to Believe His Radical Claims? Hitler and the Nazis used PROPAGANDA to persuade the German people and deceive the world. Hitler and the Nazis used PROPAGANDA to persuade the German people and deceive the world.

9. What is Propaganda? Propaganda is the expression of opinion or action by individuals or groups to influence opinions or actions of others with reference to predetermined ends. Propaganda is the expression of opinion or action by individuals or groups to influence opinions or actions of others with reference to predetermined ends. Hitler wanted to persuade the German people to hate the Jewish people as he did and to desire the annihilation of all European Jews. Hitler wanted to persuade the German people to hate the Jewish people as he did and to desire the annihilation of all European Jews. We are fooled by propaganda because we don’t recognize it when we see it; propaganda appeals to our emotions, not our reason. We are fooled by propaganda because we don’t recognize it when we see it; propaganda appeals to our emotions, not our reason.

10. Propaganda Devices The Name-Calling Device: makes us form a judgment without examining the evidence. Bad names are given to people, ideas, groups, races, beliefs, etc. that the propagandist would have us condemn. The Name-Calling Device: makes us form a judgment without examining the evidence. Bad names are given to people, ideas, groups, races, beliefs, etc. that the propagandist would have us condemn. For example: Cracker, Tree-Hugger The Glittering Generalities Device: propagandist identifies his program with virtue by using “virtue words.” Appeals to our emotions of love, generosity, and brotherhood. A device used to make us accept and approve, without examining the evidence. The Glittering Generalities Device: propagandist identifies his program with virtue by using “virtue words.” Appeals to our emotions of love, generosity, and brotherhood. A device used to make us accept and approve, without examining the evidence. For example: Verizon’s Chocolate Phone Freedom Fries Freedom Fries Uncle Sam Wants You! Uncle Sam Wants You!

11. Propaganda Devices Transfer: device by which the propagandist carries over the authority, sanction, and prestige of something we respect and revere to something he would have us accept. Typically uses church or nation; symbols are often used to stir emotions. Transfer: device by which the propagandist carries over the authority, sanction, and prestige of something we respect and revere to something he would have us accept. Typically uses church or nation; symbols are often used to stir emotions. For example: Cross, Rainbow, Uncle Sam For example: Cross, Rainbow, Uncle Sam Testimonial: employed to make us accept something. Uses recognizable people, but not necessarily experts in that field. Testimonial: employed to make us accept something. Uses recognizable people, but not necessarily experts in that field. For example: Hanes Commercials, Makeup Ads, For example: Hanes Commercials, Makeup Ads, Medications, Acne Commercials Medications, Acne Commercials

12. Propaganda Techniques Plain Folks: when high profile people (politicians, clergy, business men) try to look like common people. Most prominent during election years. Plain Folks: when high profile people (politicians, clergy, business men) try to look like common people. Most prominent during election years. For example: Politicians kissing babies Preacher playing baseball Preacher playing baseball Card Stacking: tells only part of the truth. Under-emphasis or over-emphasis to dodge issues and evade facts. Card Stacking: tells only part of the truth. Under-emphasis or over-emphasis to dodge issues and evade facts. Example: Singles Ads – Voluptuous Female Example: Singles Ads – Voluptuous Female Job Application – Advanced Computer Skills Job Application – Advanced Computer Skills (MySpace and Facebook ) (MySpace and Facebook )

13. Propaganda Devices Band Wagon: makes us follow the crowd. “Everybody’s doing it” philosophy. Band Wagon: makes us follow the crowd. “Everybody’s doing it” philosophy. For Example: Adam Sandler in Big Daddy Chocolate Phone (everybody loves chocolate) Chocolate Phone (everybody loves chocolate) Keep in mind: Not all propaganda is meant to be negative. Keep in mind: Not all propaganda is meant to be negative. Propaganda can be found everywhere: books, movies, songs, magazines, newspapers, posters, flyers, commercials, speeches. Propaganda can be found everywhere: books, movies, songs, magazines, newspapers, posters, flyers, commercials, speeches. We can deal with propaganda in three ways: We can deal with propaganda in three ways: Suppress It Counter It Counter It Analyze It Analyze It

14. What Propaganda device is being used? "This person suffering from hereditary defects costs the community 60,000 Reichsmark during his lifetime. Fellow German, that is your money, too. Read 'New People', the monthly magazine of the race-political office of the NSDAP." Card Stacking

15. What Propaganda device is being used? U.S. propaganda poster depicting a Nazi stabbing the Bible. Name Calling Transfer

16. What propaganda device is being used? "Duty of Youth Day," 1943. This holiday was something of a rite of passage, on which new members were often admitted to the Nazi Party. Band Wagon

17. Group Activity Mrs. Soileau will now put you in groups. Mrs. Soileau will now put you in groups. You will determine what propaganda device is being used in each sample you are given. You will determine what propaganda device is being used in each sample you are given. You will evaluate how that device is being used to create an impression on the reader. You will evaluate how that device is being used to create an impression on the reader. Every person in your group must write down a response for every question. Every person in your group must write down a response for every question. Select one group member to be your presenter. You will organize your samples of propaganda according to a list I give you. That person will put the samples in order, and bring them to the front of the room. Select one group member to be your presenter. You will organize your samples of propaganda according to a list I give you. That person will put the samples in order, and bring them to the front of the room. Groups with their samples in the correct order will get a prize!!! Groups with their samples in the correct order will get a prize!!!