1. Content Area 5 Indigenous Americas 1000 BCE – 1980 CE Chapters 14 & 32

2. 153. Chavín de Huántar. Northern highlands, Peru. Chavín. 900–200 B.C.E. Stone (architectural complex); granite (Lanzón and sculpture); hammered gold alloy (jewelry). (4 images) The Lanzon Stela Relief Sculpture Nose Ornament Form Function Themes Content Context Terms

4. 154. Mesa Verde cliff dwellings. Montezuma County, Colorado. Anasazi. 450– 1300 C.E. Sandstone. Form Function Themes Content Context Terms

5. 155. Yaxchilán. Chiapas, Mexico. Maya. 725 C.E. Limestone (architectural complex). (3 images) Structure 40 Structure 33 Lintel 25, Structure 23 Form Function Themes Content Context Terms

6. 156. Great Serpent Mound. Adams County, southern Ohio. Mississippian (Eastern Woodlands). c. 1070 C.E. Earthwork/effigy mound. Form Function Themes Content Context Terms

7. 157. Templo Mayor (Main Temple). Tenochtitlan (modern Mexico City, Mexico). Mexica (Aztec). 1375–1520 C.E. Stone (temple); volcanic stone (The Coyolxauhqui Stone); jadeite (Olmec-style mask); basalt (Calendar Stone). (4 images) Form Function Themes Content Context Terms

8. 158. Ruler’s feather headdress (probably of Motecuhzoma II). Mexica (Aztec). 1428–1520 C.E. Feathers (quetzal and cotinga) and gold. Museum of Ethnology, Vienna, Austria Weltmuseum, Wien Form Function Themes Content Context Terms

9. 159. City of Cusco, including Qorikancha (main temple/church and convent of Santo Domingo) and Walls at Saqsa Waman (Sacsayhuaman). Central highlands, Peru. Inka. c. 1440 C.E. Convent added 1550-1650 CE Andesite (3 images) Form Function Themes Content Context Terms

10. 160. Maize cobs. Inka. c.1440-1533 CE Sheet metal/repousse. Metal alloys Form Function Themes Content Context Terms

11. 161. City of Machu Picchu. Central highlands, Peru. Inka. c. 1450–1540 C.E. Granite (architectural complex). (3 images) Form Function Themes Content Context Terms

12. 162. All-T’oqapu tunic. Inka. 1450–1540 C.E. Camelid fiber and cotton. Dumbarton Oaks, Washington DC

13. 163. Bandolier bag. Lenape (eastern Delaware) tribe. c. 1850 C.E. Beadwork on leather. National Museum of the American Indian, New York hide, cotton cloth, silk ribbon, glass beads, wool yarn, metal cones, 68 x 47 cm

14. 164. Transformation mask. Kwakiutl, Northwest coast of Canada. Late 19th century C.E. Wood, paint, and string. (2 images) Musee du Quai Branly, Paris

15. TRANSFORMATION MASK British Columbia, Canada, Kwakiutl population, Wood paint, graphite, Cedar, cloth, string, 34 X 53 cm (closed), 130 cm (open), Former collections of Heye Foundation in New York and Claude Lévi-Strauss, 71.1951.35.1 This transformation mask opens into two sections. Closed, it represents a crow or an eagle; when spread out, a human face appears. It was associated with initiation rites that took place during the winter. During these ceremonies, both religious and theatrical, the spirit of the ancestors was supposed to enter into men. This type of mask interested Claude Lévi-Strauss by its capability to affirm « supernatural omnipresence and the multitude of myths ». From Musee du Quai Branly website

16. 165. Painted elk hide. Attributed to Cotsiogo (Cadzi Cody). Eastern Shoshone, Wind River Reservation, Wyoming. c.1890-1900 CE painted elk hide Indian Arts Research Center, School for Advanced Research, Santa Fe

17. 166. Black-on-black ceramic vessel. Maria Martínez and Julian Martínez, Tewa, Puebloan, San Ildefonso Pueblo, New Mexico. c. mid-20th century C.E. Blackware ceramic.