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George H.W. Bush, Bill Clinton, George W. Bush
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George H.W. Bush’s Domestic Policy Election of 1988 Republicans nominated Bush, Reagan’s vice-president Bush won, but margin of victory not as large as originally believed Domestic programs Civil Rights Act of 1991 “Read my lips no new taxes!” Democratic Congress and Republican Congress often gridlocked
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George H.W. Bush’s Foreign Policy End of Cold War One by one, nations of Eastern Europe overthrew their Communist governments Provinces that comprised the Soviet Union also declared independence Global economy Administration pushed for economic liberalization Redefinition of “National Security” Help to bring democracy to Nicaragua, El Salvador, Guatemala Overthrow of Manuel Noriega in Panama, December 1989 New World Order
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POV Statement “Now, we can see a new world coming into view. A world in which there is the very real prospect of a new world order… A world in which freedom and respect for human rights find a home among all nations.” George Bush 1991
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George H.W. Bush’s Foreign Policy (cont.) Persian Gulf War Iraqi invasion of Kuwait, August 1990 Operation “Desert Shield:” UN action against Iraq Launched military offensive in January 1991 Stopped short of removing Saddam Hussein, something the UN had not authorized
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Election of 1992 Bush lacked coherent vision of either domestic or foreign policy Didn’t appeal to democrats who had supported Reagan and then Bush in 1988 Democrats ran Bill Clinton Focused on economic issues Won by comfortable margin
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Bill Clinton 1992-2000
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Bill Clinton’s Domestic Policy Social Issues Abortion counseling at family planning clinics Balanced the Budget! Tax increase and spending cuts to reduce deficit Universal Healthcare not passed Whitewater Scandal
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Victory and Impeachment Election of 1996 capped Clinton’s political comeback Defeated Bob Dole and Jack Kemp Public scrutiny of the president’s private life Kenneth Starr investigation Impeachment attempt Economic growth kept Clinton’s popularity high
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Post-Cold War Foreign Policy Nuclear disarmament efforts Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty, 1995 NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement Ended tariffs between US, Canada, and Mexico World Trade Organization
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Election of 2000 Democrats ran Al Gore Distanced himself from Bill Clinton Probably a mistake Republicans ran George W. Bush Election results initially too close to call Gore carried popular vote by 500,000 Electoral college tally hung on results in Florida Original tally gave state to Bush with less than 1,000 vote victory Democrats demanded recount in selected counties Controversy reigned for a month Supreme Court finally intervened Stopped selected recount, saying it was unconstitutional Declared Bush winner by 5-4 margin Five conservative Republicans versus 2 Democrats and two liberal Republicans
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©2004 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning ™ is a trademark used herein under license. Presidential Election, 2000
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George W. Bush’s Domestic Policy Economic downturn Stock Market decline Growing Federal and State deficits Corporate accounting scandals Administration policies Tax cut plan described as an economic stimulus package Energy policy that favored oil companies Controversial educational policy Mandatory nationwide test of children to assess schools’ effectiveness No Child Left Behind
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George W. Bush’s Foreign Policy September 11, 2001 Bush Doctrine Preemptive war to protect U.S. interests Huge increase in Bush’s approval ratings War on Terrorism Became administration’s foreign policy focus Patriot Act Broad executive branch latitude over surveillance and detention of people considered threats to national security Iraq Administration mounted campaign against Saddam Hussein Aiding terrorists Stockpiling weapons of mass destruction Began preparing for preemptive war in fall of 2002
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