1. Hooman H. Rashidi, MD Hematology & Immunology Course Director UCSD School of Medicine

2. 2 What types of teaching strategies could we integrate into our curriculum? What type of response will these strategies evoke in our students? How can we integrate these techniques to maximize active learning in our students?

3. Have a combination of Lectures, small group sessions & PBL sessions Utilizing alternative presentation strategies when conveying our information – Mindmaps (visual outlines), instead of text outlines – Tables (when necessary) – Videos/Animations (if relevant) Incorporating technology into: – Online Small group session material – Teaching Material Online Resources (e.g. HematologyOutlines.com) – Atlas – Glossary – Textbook iPad, iphone and Android based software

4. Response from our students: – Have a combination of Lectures, small group sessions & PBL sessions (Students surveyed were enthusiastic about this change) – Utilizing alternative presentation strategies when conveying our information Mindmaps (visual outlines), instead of text outlines: (Positive feedback from students) Tables (when necessary): No feed backback from students yet Videos/Animations (if relevant): No feed backback from students yet Incorporating technology into: – Online Small group session material (Students surveyed were enthusiastic about this change) – Teaching Material (Students surveyed were enthusiastic about this change) Online Resources (e.g. HematologyOutlines.com) – Atlas – Glossary – Textbook iPad, iphone and Android based software

5. Concept Maps and Mind maps are closely related techniques

6. Concept maps are top to bottom constructs with the central idea on the top, connected to secondary ideas/categories by lines/arrows which have an attached explanation of their relevance These ideas/categoried can interconnect (Novak et. al) Mind maps have a theme on the center of the page with a radial arrangement of any number of categories and subcategories their relation emphasized by visual stimuli such as colors and graphical representations (Buzan et. al)

7. 6 Summarize and visualize the information Connect, Contrast and Compare the information Classify the information Identify relationships Recognize patterns West, Pomeroy, Park, Gerstenberger, & Sandoval (2000, JAMA) Critical thinking in graduate medical education: The role of concept mapping in assessment

8. Well documented studies have shown that visual imagery and learning are related (Paivio et. al) and words can be memorized better by listing them in distinctive spatial patterns (Bellezza et. al) These notions were used by Buzan and others to develop mind mapping and concept mapping techniques

9. Importance of understanding concepts and their relationship to other seemingly unrelated but truly related topics is very important Can contribute to the redesigning of many medical education curricula (West 2000) Learning techniques that emphasize concepts, such as concept mapping and mind mapping, have received scrutiny (Farrand 2002, D’Antoni 2010, & Wickramasinghe, etc.).

10. Multiple Studies have looked at mindmapping as a learning tool for medical students (Farrand 2002, D’Antoni 2010, Wickramasinghe) and nurses (Boley 2008) There are several studies that have tested mind mapping in medical students. These studies involved two groups: Group taught in mind mapping and a self directed group. The study by Farrand (Farrand 2002) showed that mind mapping improves short and long term memory Wickramasinghe (2008) and D’Antoni showed no significant difference in the short term memory of the mind map group and the self-directed study group, although long term memory was not tested.

12. Neoplastic Hematologic Disorders Myeloid Immature Acute Myeloid Leukemia Mature Myelodysplastic Syndromes Myeloproliferative neoplasms Myeloproliferitive/Myelodysplastic syndromes Other Lymphoid Immature T-cell B-cell Mature T-cell/NK-cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma B-cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Hodgkin Lymphoma Plasma Cell Neoplasms Immunodeficiency associated lymphoproliferative diseases

13. HematologyOutlines.com – An Online Textbook, Glossary and Atlas of Hematology

14. Mindmaps within the textbook Tour of our Small Group Session Material Tour of our Interactive Atlas Tour of our Interactive Glossary

28. Neoplastic Hematology Mindmap

57. hhrashidi@ucsd.edu

58. Dr. John Nguyen (HematologyOutlines.com) Website Administrator & Co-creator Dr. Richard Stoner iPad & iPhone design & programming