1. Speech & Language Therapy Communication Training MRCPsych, RSH 21 st October 2010

2. What we will talk about today: What is communication How we all develop communication What is non verbal communication How to make communication easier using: –Photos & symbols –signing

3. Communication Chain Function Form Skills Code Context

4. Why (function) Express needs, wants & hopes Comment & report Socialise Request Gain attention Ask questions Refuse/complain Play/ pretend Emotions Skills ●Cognitive ●Sensory ●Physical How (form) Speech Writing Gestures & signs Facial expression Body Language Photos, symbols Vocalisation Reflexes Behaviour & other

5. Apple Exercise

6. Real Apple Most Concrete (sensory support: colour, size, sound, smell, context, 3D) Model (toy) Apple (colour, shape, 3D) Photo Of Actual Apple (colour, shape) Drawing Of Any Apple in colour (some aspects of colour, shape) Line Drawing Of Apple black and white (generalized shape) Word ‘Apple’ Most Abstract (none)

7. Development of communication

8. Non verbal communication The 7% 38% 55% rule (myth?) (Albert Mehrabian study) What are the non verbal features in speech? –Intonation –Rhythm –Stress What is non verbal communication? –Body language –Facial expression –Eye contact

9. Facial expression Emotions!!

10. Facial Expression Universal emotions Happy Sad Angry Scared Disgusted Surprised

11. Non verbal communication & Autism Literal comprehension Emotional literacy Facial expression Communication codes

12. Gesture & Body Language Exercise See what I mean

14. Signing BSL vs. Makaton

15. Communicating with Objects Shopping Bath Park Drink Morning routine Pub

16. Communication with photos vs symbols or

17. Communicating with Symbols

18. Some symbols can be learnt quite easily Communicating with Symbols

19. MakatonPCS Symbols, concrete & abstract

20. How to use photos and symbols to make communication easier Accessible care plan Thickened drinks sheet

21. Useful tips Make sure you get the person’s attention before you speak to them. Get to know what they use to communicate. Use simple sentences with easy words. Support your language with visual information i.e. symbols pictures etc Check with the person that they understood. Have a clear display of what will be happening. Avoid surprises!! Say it as you mean it! Don’t use metaphors.

22. Any questions?