1. MAGLEV TRAINS Trains that fly on air. PRESENTED BY DEBAJYOTI DUTTA (Team Leader) SUDIPTA ADHIKARY PAYEL MAJUMDER NIVEDITA SAHA RITAM DAS

2. PRESENTATION OUTLINE How Levitation works. Application information about magnetic lift trains. Magnetic lift projects. How Chuo Shinkansen works. Application information about Chuo Shinkansen works. Summary

3. HOW LEVITATION WORKS

4. TYPES OF MAGLEV TECHNOLOGY  There are particularly three notable types of maglev technology: > Electromagnetic Suspension (EMS) > Electrodynamic Suspension (EDS) > Magnetodynamic Suspension (MDS)

5. Propulsion System When a current is supplied to the windings, it creates a traveling alternating current that propels the train forward by pushing and pulling.

6. When the alternating current is reversed, the train brakes. Different speeds are achieved by varying the intensity of the current. Only the section of track where the train is traveling is electrified.

7. LEVITATION PROJECTS China is building a 20 mile system between Shanghai Pudong and Pudong International Airport. It opened in January of 2004, and it reached speeds of over 250 mph.

8. Properties of Maglev Trains Safety Virtually impossible to derail. Computer controlled. Maintenance Very little maintenance. Comfort The ride is smooth while not accelerating.

9. Economic Efficency The initial investment is similar to other high speed rail roads. (Maglift is $20- $40 million per mile and I-279 in Pittsburg cost $37 million per mile 17 years ago.) Operating expenses are half of that of other railroads. A train is composed of sections that each contain 100 seats, and a train can have between 2 and 10 sections.

10. Speed 300 mph For trips of distances up to 500 miles its total travel time is equal to a planes (including check in time and travel to airport.) It can accelerate to 200 mph in 3 miles, so it is ideal for short jumps. (ICE needs 20 miles to reach 200 mph.)

11. ENVIRONMENT AND MAGLEV TRAINS

12. Environment It uses less energy than existing transportation systems. The tracks have less impact on the environment.

13. Noise Pollution The train makes little noise because it does not touch the track and it has no motor. Therefore, all noise comes from moving air. This sound is equivalent to the noise produced by city traffic.

14. Magnetic Field The magnetic field created is low, therefore there are no adverse effects.

15. APPLICATION INFORMATION This system is running successfully. The super conducting magnets create a strong magnetic field. The train is earthquake proof. Only the part of the track that is used will be electrified so no energy is wasted.

16. HOW CHUO SHINKANSEN WORKS TYPES OF MAGNET USE

17. Propulsion An alternating current is ran through electromagnet coils on the guide walls of the guide way. This creates a magnetic field that attracts and repels the superconducting magnets on the train and propels the train forward. Braking is accomplished by sending an alternating current in the reverse direction so that it is slowed by attractive and repulsive forces.

18. Levitation The passing of the superconducting magnets by figure eight levitation coils on the side of the tract induces a current in the coils and creates a magnetic field. This pushes the train upward so that it can levitate 1cm above the track. The train does not levitate until it reaches 50 mph, so it is equipped with retractable wheels.

19. Lateral Guidance When one side of the train nears the side of the guideway, the super conducting magnet on the train induces a repulsive force from the levitation coils on the side closer to the train and an attractive force from the coils on the farther side. This keeps the train in the center.

20. COMPARISON WITH CONVENTIONAL TRAINS  Speed  All weather operation  Efficiency  Noise  Design Comparison  Gradient

21. COMPARISON WITH AIRCRAFTS  Efficiency  Flexibility and reliability  Cost of travel  Travel time

22. SUMMARY Maglev trains use magnets to levitate and propel the trains forward. Since there is no friction these trains can reach high speeds. It is a safe and efficient way to travel. Governments have mixed feelings about the technology. Some countries, like China, have embraced it and others like Germany have balked at the expense. In India a similar magnetic levitation system of transit is being considered for connecting Vivek Vihar in East Delhi to Vikaspuri in West Delhi.

23. THANK YOU “Knowledge is like a companion when one is alone and,..scholars are like stars who educate people in darkness…gaining knowledge is an obligation..”-Prophet Muhammed