1. INTERNATIONAL TRADE & INVESTMENT (UNIT-2) A. Mohamed Riyazh Khan Assistant Professor (SE.G), Dept. of Management Studies,

2. Uruguay Round (UR) 1986 It is named as VIII round of the multilateral trade negotiations (agreements are between many nations) Discussion: 1. reducing specific trade barriers and improving market access. 2. Strengthening GATT discipline 3. problems of liberalization of trade in service, trade related aspects of intellectual property (TRIPs) and trade related investment measures (TRIMs). The UR went much beyond goods to services, technology, investment and information.

3. TRIMs: (Trade Related Investment Measures) it refer to certain conditions imposed by a government in respect of foreign investment in the country. TRIPs: (Trade Related Aspect of Intellectual property Rights) it have been characterized as a composite of ideas, inventions and creative expression

4. WTO (World Trade Organization) -1995 The WTO adopted the principles and trade agreements reached under the auspices of GATT but expanded its mission It effect from Jan 1, 1995. The WTO is bringing about an orderly development of the international trade. At the beginning of October 2010, WTO had 153 members. The result of Uruguay round WTO was emerged. WTO has a better dispute settlement system than GATT.

5. Functions of WTO Administering the WTO trade agreements Monitoring national trade policies Providing technical assistance and training for developing countries. Cooperating with other international organization like IMF and IBRD.

6. Principles To help trade flow as freely as possible To achieve further liberalization gradually through negotiation To set up an impartial means of settling disputes. Free trade encouraging Extra provision for less development countries.