1. Classifying Matter: Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures

2. What is Matter? Anything that has mass and takes up space (volume) What is the only thing that is NOT matter? All matter is made up of particles: Atoms Molecules ENERGY

3. Atoms Atoms are basic building blocks of matter that make up everyday objects. Made of subatomic particles: Protons Neutrons Electrons

4. Protons They are positively charged. Are located in the nucleus. Have a mass of 1 amu Amu= atomic mass unit In this picture, the protons are the blue pieces in the center of the atom.

5. Neutrons Neutrons are neither positive nor negative. Neutrons are in the nucleus of an atom. Have a mass of 1 amu Amu= atomic mass unit In this picture, neutrons are the purple pieces in the center of the atom.

6. Electrons Electrons orbit around an atom. In this picture, they are the small yellow bits. They have a negative charge. They are lighter than protons or neutrons. Have “no” mass Too small of an amount to count

7. Molecules A molecule is the smallest particle of a substance that exists alone. This is a picture of a water molecule. It is two parts hydrogen and one part oxygen.

9. Pure Substances A sample of matter that has definite chemical composition Definite physical & chemical properties

10. Elements Pure substance that cannot be separated into simpler substance by physical or chemical means.

11. An element is a substance made up of only one kind of atom. Elements make up all substances on the earth. Abbreviated with symbols on the periodic table Elements

12. Compounds A substance composed of all the same molecule A compound is two or more elements combined together. This is a picture of a salt compound.

13. Compounds Pure substance composed of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds. Made of elements in a specific ratio that is always the same Has a chemical formula Can only be separated by chemical means, not physically

14. Chemical Formula Shows the number of atoms of each element bonded together in the molecule. Letters = Elements Subscripts = come after the atom type they are counting Large numbers before tell how many molecules

15. Pure Substance: ELEMENTS:COMPOUNDS:

16. Mixtures A combination of two or more pure substances that are not chemically combined. substances held together by physical forces, not chemical No chemical change takes place Each item retains its properties in the mixture They can be separated physically Chem4kids.com

17. ELEMENTS: COMPOUNDS: MIXTURES:

18. Mixtures vs. Compounds http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ks3bitesize/science/chemistry/elements_com_mix_6.shtml

19. Can you identify the following? You will be shown a series of photos. Tell if each photo represents an item composed of an element, compound, or mixture. Review: An element contains just one type of atom. A compound contains two or more different atoms joined together. A mixture contains two or more different substances that are only physically joined together, not chemically. A mixture can contain both elements and compounds.

20. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Rocks

21. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Rocks

22. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Copper

23. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Copper

24. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Jelly Beans

25. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Jelly Beans

26. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Table Sugar

27. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Table Sugar

28. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Diamond

29. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Diamond

30. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Tea

31. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Tea

32. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Salt

33. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Salt

34. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Neon Gas

35. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Neon Gas

36. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Salad

37. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Salad

38. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Pure Water

39. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Pure Water

40. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Aluminum

41. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Aluminum

42. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Lemonade

43. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Lemonade

44. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Silver

45. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Silver

46. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Sand

47. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Sand

49. Mixtures: Heterogeneous vs Homogeneous

50. HOMOGENOUS The prefix “homo” – indicate sameness Homogeneous – A homogeneous mixture has the same uniform appearance throughout. Many homogeneous mixtures are commonly referred to as solutions.

51. HETEROGENOUS The prefix “hetero” – indicate difference Heterogeneous - A heterogeneous mixture consists of visibly different substances or phases. The three phases or states of matter are gas, liquid, and solid.

52. Identification Chart Fixed composition?Can be broken down chemically? Uniform properties? If not, it’s an element If so it’s a compound If not, it’s a homogeneous mixture If not, it’s a heterogeneous mixture YES

53. Heterogeneous

54. Homogeneous

56. What is it? Trail Mix

57. Heterogeneous

58. What is it? Kool - Aid

59. Homogeneous

60. What is it? Tap Water

61. Homogeneous

62. What is it? White Vinegar

63. Homogeneous

64. What is it? Italian Salad Dressing

65. Heterogeneous

66. Try these……….. Raisin Bran

67. Orange Juice

68. Air

69. Chunky Soup

70. Hamburger

71. Cake Batter

72. Paint

73. Salad

74. Mineral Rock