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Greenhouse Gas Inventory and Reporting at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Kirk Stoddard Air Quality Program Manager June 3, 2009
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Overview Multi-purpose laboratory –Two-mile linear accelerator –Research in astrophysics, photon science, accelerator and particle physics High demand for electricity –Historical peak is ~50 MW –No onsite generation
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Summary of Mandatory Reporting Mandatory Reporting Programs –2006: CA Global Warming Solutions Act Five-year implementation schedule: 2007-2012 –2009: California (CARB) SLAC placed in Electrical Sector –2009: Proposed Federal (EPA) Reporting to begin as soon as 2010
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SLAC Involvement in GHG Inventory & Reporting California Climate Action Registry formed in 2002 –2003-2004: SLAC compiled internal GHG inventory –2008: SLAC joined The Climate Registry Reported data for 2007 (baseline year) Certified baseline to compare future reductions
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Kyoto GHGs (1997): Global Warming Potentials Carbon Dioxide Methane Nitrous Oxide Hydrofluorocarbons Perfluorocarbons Sulfur Hexafluoride ------------------------------ ?Nitrogen Trifluoride CO 2 = 1 CH 4 = 23 NO 2 = 310 HFC = 140 to 11,700 PFC = 6,500 to 9,200 SF 6 = 23,900 ----------------------------- NF 3 = 17,200
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Calculating and Classifying Emissions Emissions data are collected for: –Direct Emissions (emitted onsite): Stationary combustion; mobile combustion; other –Indirect Emissions (emitted offsite): Purchased electricity –Voluntary Reporting: Commuter travel, air travel Non-Kyoto GHGs, ODSs, et al.
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Direct Emissions from GHG Sources Fuel Combustion: CO 2, CH 4, NO 2 –Cars, trucks, heavy equipment –Boilers, generators Electrical Insulation: SF 6, HFC, PFC –Circuit breakers, switchgear –Particle detectors Refrigeration: HFC –Chillers
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Data Entry and Data Validation Conversion Factors Emission Factors Levels of Detail –Fleet vehicles Defaults available Use actual data, if you can! Third-party verification (TPV)
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SLAC GHGs: CY07 Breakdown Electricity (indirect) HFC / PFC Natural Gas SF 6 Purchased Fuel Purchased CO 2 Biodiesel 2007 TOTAL: 136,918 11,591 3,124 976 370 5 <1 152,984 MTCO 2 e* * Metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalents
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SLAC GHG Emissions for 2007 (MTCO 2 e)
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Practical Tips Utilize all data sources –Take advantage of all available utility meters to facilitate mass-balance calculations for energy usage –Use purchasing records and chemical management system as leading indicators of GHG use, if feasible –Consider portable scale to track gas use
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Practical Tips, continued Note trade-offs between ODS and GWP Be aware of ‘new’ GHGs (e.g., NF 3 ) Identify emissions reduction measures that are easy, quick, and/or cheap –Survey for SF 6 leaks –Recover and re-use SF 6
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