1. 1960S CULTURE AND COUNTERCULTURE

2. Population: 179,000,000 ▫ Almost 70 million were baby boom children Unemployment: 5.5% in 1960 declined to just under 4% by 1969 Women in workforce grew from 38% to 43% Average Salary $4,743 Minimum Wage $1.00/hour Inflation: 1.4% (Stagflation won’t hit until early 1970s) BUT Federal debt: $290.5 billion Prices: dozen eggs: $0.57 gallon gas: $0.31 new home: $16,500.00 Annual spending on entertainment: $85 billion 1960S STATS

3.  The first half of the Sixties resembled the Fifties.  Conservative, ladylike, proper.  Women wore dresses or skirts most of the time.  Pants were for sport or play and never worn to school EVERYDAY CLOTHING Montgomery Ward's 1961 Classic Brentshire shirtwaist Silk $17.98, cotton $12.98, Pima Cotton $9.98

4.  The second half of the Sixties brought shorter hemlines & bolder colors  But most women didn't dress like hippies.  Montgomery Ward's 1969 shirt dress polyester and cotton. $6.50

5.  From 1940 – 1960: percent of population in suburbs doubled – from 15 to 30 percent 1960S SUBURBAN RANCH HOME

6.  3 channels ABC, CBS, and NBC.  Used either a pair of “rabbit ears” antenna on the TV or an aerial antenna on the roof.  Popular TV shows tended to be geared toward family watching and reflected suburban white culture.  Shows focusing on African Americans don’t really get started until the 1970s, though American Bandstand started to integrate performers and dancers in 1964.  Some top shows of the 1960s:  The Monkees  Hogan's Heroes  Flipper  The Brady Bunch  Gilligan's Island  Mr Ed  I Dream of Jeannie  Bewitched  Green Acres  The Addams Family  My Three Sons TV SHOWS

7.  POP ROCK  MOTOWN  PYSCHEDELIC ROCK MUSIC

8.  Record company founded in Detroit in 1960.  The name was a combination of motor and town, a nickname for Detroit)  From 1961 to 1971, Motown had 110 “top 10” hits.  Top artists included Diana Ross & The Supremes, The Four Tops, The Jackson 5, Stevie Wonder, and Marvin Gaye MOTOWN

9. Rock Music:  The Beatles- Arrive in the U.S. in 1964  Started with a relatively “clean cut” image but by the late 1960s had moved into psychedelic imagery of counterculture

10.  Besides the Beatles, popular bands included: The Mamas & the Papas, Jimi Hendrix, Jefferson Airplane, The Doors and The Grateful Dead  http://www.youtube.com/watch? v=WANNqr-vcx0 http://www.youtube.com/watch? v=WANNqr-vcx0 ROCK MUSIC

11. 1960S COUNTERCULTURE  1960 - 1973  mostly white, middle class young people who had become angry and disillusioned. It was a reaction against:  Conservative government  Vietnam War  Opposition began in 1964 on college campuses  Intense conformity of the 1950s culture  Social inequalities  Materialism  Influenced by the non-conformists of the 1950s (Beat Movement)  Left school or work and attempted to create idealistic communities focused on peace and harmony

12. DEVELOPMENT OF THE COUNTER CULTURE “HIPPIE”  c.1965, (Haight-Ashbury slang), from earlier hippie as a disparaging version of hipster "person who is keenly aware of the new and stylish," from hip "up-to-date”  http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=hippie&searchmode= none http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=hippie&searchmode= none

13. TYPICAL FEATURES OF THE “AGE OF AQUARIUS”  Fashion  Ragged jeans, tie dyed tees, military clothing (worn ironically)  Long hair for men  Long, straight hair for women  Use of illegal drugs particularly marijuana and LSD  Casual view of sex  Many joined communes – living in groups in which members renounced private property  Also turned to eastern religions like Zen Buddhism

14. PROTEST MUSIC  The music of the counterculture become increasingly political with anti-establishment messages.  Folk artists popular in the early and mid-1960s:  Bob Dylan, Joan Baez, Pete Seeger, Phil Ochs, and Simon and Garfunkel  By the mid to late 1960s pop- rock bands like the Beatles and the Rolling Stones were entering the counterculture The Grateful Dead at their Haight- Ashbury house. Communal living and sharing created a sense of tribe, which was something missing from the mainstream suburban culture.

15. SUMMER OF LOVE  1967: song "San Francisco (Be Sure to Wear Flowers in Your Hair)" represented as many as 100,000 young people from all over the world traveling to celebrate San Francisco's "Summer of Love."  Haight-Ashbury neighborhood becomes a focal point.  styles and behaviors spread quickly from San Francisco and Berkeley to major U.S. cities and Europe as the hippies returned home

16. Jimi Hendrix’s ground-breaking 1967 album, Are You Experienced, reflected the swirling creativity, spontaneity, and explosive energy of the psychedelic movement within the counterculture.

17. WOODSTOCK  Music festival at a farm in upstate New York  3 days in August 1969  over 400,000 people attended  Hendrix, Joplin, Joe Cocker, Joan Baez, The Grateful Dead, Jefferson Airplane

18. WOODSTOCK

19. END OF THE ERA: Hippie culture gave way to disillusionment By 1970 many had fallen victim to drugs – experiencing addiction and mental breakdowns. Famous examples included Janis Joplin and Jimi Hendrix Many “grew out” of the hippie culture – going to get jobs and starting families

20. ART  “Pop Art” becomes popular  Bright, simple images  Appear commercialized / mass produced  A criticism of the value of society – individuality had given way to a “cookie cutter” life style

21. ANDY WARHOL His art critiqued the celebrity culture and advertisement / materialism of the 1960s. Warhol died in 1987. The highest price paid for a Warhol painting was $105 million for a 1963 canvas titled "Silver Car Crash (Double Disaster)" There is an Andy Warhol Museum in Pittsburgh

23. “MODERN” ART: KINETIC ABSTRACTION  mesmerizing optical effects with low-tech materiality  Mechanical sculptures that questioned the meaning of art  (right) Heinz Mack’s Silberrotor