1. UNIT 3: POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC CONFLICT LESSON 3.7: CIVIL WAR LEADS TO RECONSTRUCTION

2. Activate In your opinion, what are the top 3 causes of the Civil War?

3. Frayer / secede

4. THE UNION DISSOLVES

5. Setting the stage In the end, all attempts to compromise between the north and south over slavery failed to end sectional differences. Finally, the outcome of the 1860 election triggered a showdown and the first shots of the long, bloody civil war.

6. DEMOCRATS SPLIT Northern Democrats supported popular sovereignty Southern Democrats wanted Dred Scott decision upheld Republicans nominated Lincoln With Democratic votes split, Lincoln wins election of 1860

7. AP 1 Think pair share How is it that a man that received 0 votes in the south was able to win the election of 1860? What problem does this pose for the nation?

8. SECESSION BEGINS For south, election of a Republican president = a victory for abolitionists Survival of southern society at stake By Feb. 1861, 7 southern states seceded (page 306) Crittendon’s Compromise = allow slavery where it exists, extend Missouri Compromise line to California. It failed Feb. 1861 the seceding states announce new nation = confederacy, and new president = Jefferson Davis

9. THE CIVIL WAR BEGINS In his inaugural address, Lincoln spoke directly to the seceding states He repeated his promise not to interfere w/ slavery where it existed Announces his desire to save the union, and to hold onto federal property in seceding states

10. AP 2 Think Pair Share What was Lincoln’s main objective when the south formed the Confederate States of America? Do you think his objectives are going to change as the War goes on? Explain.

11. FORT SUMTER FALLS In April, 1861, Lincoln announced that the federal government would resupply Fort Sumter Jefferson cannot allow federal troops to occupy the Souths most important harbor = capture fort his forces demanded that major Anderson surrender = he refused confederates bombard the fort until Anderson and his men surrender

12. Focus How is it that a man that received 0 votes in the south was able to win the election of 1860? What problem does this pose for the nation? What was Lincoln’s main objective when the south formed the Confederate States of America?

13. UPPER SOUTH SECEDES After fall of Fort Sumter, Lincoln calls on volunteers Many in south did not want to secede, but felt they had no choice Virginia seceded next, and capital of confederacy moved to Richmond Soon three more states seceded

14. HANGING ONTO THE BORDER STATES Lincoln tried to keep slave holding border states from leaving if Maryland seceded, dc (the capital) would be surrounded Lincoln placed Baltimore under martial law to prevent secession

15. HANGING ONTO THE BORDER STATES - CONTINUED Kentucky declared itself neutral until September 1861, when troops on both sides occupied state Pro confederate leaders created a rival government and seceded Missouri stayed with union despite struggles between anti and pro secessionist forces the stage now shifts to the battle field

16. AP 3 Think Pair Share Why was it important to Lincoln to force the South to be the first to fire a shot? Why was hanging onto Maryland critical to the Union war effort? Do the means justify the ends?

17. The Civil War War continues for 4 long years, and is America’s bloodiest war with 600,000 killed. This conflict not only divided the nation but will shape it’s future development, as the political struggle will continue over how to readmit the former Confederate states.

18. America the Story of Us Civil War 3 2 1

19. Learning Log IN YOUR JOURNAL, SUMMARIZE WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED. USE THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS TO GUIDE YOU: HOW DID PROBLEMS IN THE DEMOCRATIC PARTY HELP ABRAHAM LINCOLN WIN THE ELECTION OF 1860? WHAT WERE SOME CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR? WHERE AND UNDER WHAT CIRCUMSTANCES DID THE CIVIL WAR BEGIN? HOW DID LINCOLN PREVENT MARYLAND FROM SECEDING? WHY WAS LINCOLN CONCERNED ABOUT MARYLAND?

20. UNIT 3: POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC CONFLICT LESSON 3.7: CIVIL WAR LEADS TO RECONSTRUCTION Part 2

21. Activate What do you think the term “Reconstruction” means? What areas of our nation needed reconstruction?

22. Frayer / reconstruction

23. Setting the Stage In the months after the civil war ended, the nation began to rebuild and reunite. almost immediately, fierce struggles began over how long it should take to restore the southern states to the Union and how punitive reconstruction should be.

24. LINCOLNS PLAN AFTER THE CIVIL WAR, THE SOUTHS ECONOMY WAS IN SHAMBLES THE PRESIDENT AND CONGRESS FOCUSED ON RECONSTRUCTION = REBUILDING LINCOLN WANTED TO BRING THE SOUTH BACK INTO THE UNION WITHOUT PUNISHING IT. HIS PLAN CALLED FOR AMNESTY TO ALL SOUTHERNERS WHO TOOK AN OATH OF LOYALTY TO USA (LEADERS AND OFFICERS EXCLUDED) 10 % TAKEN OATH = NEW STATE GOV

25. RADICAL REPUBLICANS A GROUP KNOWN AS RADICAL REPUBLICANS OPPOSED LINCOLNS PLAN WANTED TO PREVENT CONFEDERATE LEADERS FROM RETURNING TO POWER WANTED FEDERAL GOV’T TO BECOME POWERFUL IN SOUTH TO ENSURE SUFFRAGE FOR AFRICAN AMERICANS MILITARY RULE TO ENSURE AFRICAN AMERICAN VOTING RIGHTS

26. AP 1: Lincoln vs Radicals

27. WADE - DAVIS BILL WADE DAVIS BILL EVENTUALLY GETS SUPPORT FROM MODERATE REPUBLICANS CALLED FOR MOST WHITE MEN IN A FORMER CONFEDERATE STATE TO TAKE AN OATH OF LOYALTY TO THE UNION EACH STATE WOULD HAVE TO ABOLISH SLAVERY, REJECT ALL CONFEDERATE DEBTS, AND DENY FORMER CONFEDERATE LEADERS TO VOTE OR HOLD OFFICE LINCOLN BLOCKED PASSAGE WITH A POCKET VETO

28. FREEDMEN’S BUREAU AFTER THE WAR, NEWLY FREED AFRICAN AMERICANS, OR FREEDMEN, STRUGGLED TO SURVIVE NORTHERNERS BELIEVED FREEDMEN SHOULD BE GIVEN CONFEDERATE LANDS CONGRESS DID NOT SUPPORT TAKING THE LAND OF PLANTATION OWNERS CONGRESS FORMED THE FREEDMEN’S BUREAU TO HELP FEED, CLOTH, AND FIND JOBS FOR AFRICAN AMERICANS ALSO PROVIDED AN EDUCATION***** HELPED START COLLEGES TO TRAIN AFRICAN AMERICAN TEACHERS

29. JOHNSON TAKES OFFICE http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ptXRFHulcZQ 1. 2. 3.

30. AP 2: 5 Words: Presidential Reconstruction

31. BLACK CODES BLACK CODES LIMITED AFRICAN AMERICAN RIGHTS = KEEP THEM IN CONDITIONS OF SLAVERY LICENSES FOR NON-AGRICULTURAL JOBS LABOR AND APPRENTICSHIP CONTRACTS

32. RADICAL REPUBLICANS TAKE CONTROL REPUBLICANS IN CONGRESS SET THEIR OWN RECONSTRUCTION PLANS = CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1866 ALLOWED AFRICAN AMERICANS TO OWN PROPERTY AND RECEIVE EQUAL TREATMENT IN COURT 14 TH AMENDMENT = GRANTS CITIZENSHIP TO ALL PEOPLE BORNIN USA, AND GAURANTEES EQUAL PROTECTION OF LAW

33. MILITARY RECONSTRUCTION REPUBLICANS PASSED THE MILITARY RECONSTRUCTION ACT DIVIDED CONFEDERACY INTO 5 DISTRICTS. WITH A UNION GENERAL IN CHARGE OF EACH. EACH FORMER CONFEDERATE STATE MUST DRAW UP NEW CONSTITUTION AND GRANTED ALL MALES THE RIGHT TO VOTE EACH STATE HAD TO RATIFY THE 14 AMENDMENT BEFORE BEING ABLE TO ELECT PEOPLE TO CONGRESS RADICAL REPUBLICANS IMPEACHED JOHNSON FOR FEAR HE WOULD NOT SUPPORT PLAN JOHNSON WAS NOT CONVICTED, BUT HE DID NOT RUN FOR OFFICE AGAIN REPUBLICANS PASSED THE 15 TH AMENDMENT = GUARANTEES AFRICAN AMERICANS RIGHT TO VOTE

34. AP 4: Military Reconstruction

35. Focus In no more than 3 sentences, summarize what you learned yesterday regarding Reconstruction….. 1’s =How did Lincolns plan differ from the Radical Republican plan? How did Presidential Reconstruction (Andrew Johnson) impact Freedmen? 2’s = What did Radical Republicans do to combat Andrew Johnson? How did the Freedmen’s Bureau help African Americans in the south?

36. REPUBLICAN RULE UNDER THE REPUBLICAN CONTROLLED CONGRESS, THE SOUTH BEGAN TO REBUILD. DURING THIS TIME, AFRICAN AMERICANS GAINED SOME NEW OPPORTUNITEIS, PARTICULARLY IN POLITICS, WHILE SOME WHITE SOUTHERNERS ORGANIZED TO RESIST CHANGE THAT WERE OCCURING. SOUTH CAROLINA STATE LEGISLATURE CONTROLLED BY AFRICAN AMERICANS!

37. CARPETBAGGERS AND SCALAWAGS CARPETBAGGERS = NORTHERNERS SEEKING TO EXPLOIT THE SOUTH (SOUTHERN VIEW) SCALAWAGS = SOUTHERNERS THAT SUPPORT REPUBLICAN POLICIES (RECONSTRUCTION) REALITY = MANY “CARPETBAGGES” WERE HONEST AND PROVIDED MONEY AND EFFORT TO REBUILDING SOUTH AND HELPING AFRICAN AMERICANS. BUT…… SOME DID EXPLOIT SOUTHERNERS

38. AP 5 Venn / carpetbaggers vs scalawags

39. AFRICAN AMERICAN CHURCHES CHURCHES BECAME CENTERS FRO AFRICAN AMERICAN COMMUNITIES. HOUSED SCHOOLS, HOSTED SOCIAL AND POLITICAL EVENTS, PROVIDED RECREATION, AND EVEN ACTED AS COURTS

40. A DESIRE TO LEARN MANY AFRICAN AMERICANS SOUGHT AN EDUCATION. IN THE FIRST YEAR OF RECONSTRUCTION, THE FREEDMEN’S BUREAU ESTABLISHED SCHOOLS FOR AFRICAN AMERICANS ACROSS THE SOUTH

41. KU KLUX KLAN FORMS AFRICAN AMERICANS FACED INTENSE RESENTMENT FROM MANY SOUTHERN WHITES KLANS GOAL WAS TO DRIVE OUT CARPETBAGGERS AND UNION TROOPS, AND RETAKE CONTROL OF SOUTH USED TERRORIST TACTICS. ACTIVITES OF KLAN OUTRAGED PRESIDENT GRANT AND LED TO THE ENFORCEMENT ACTS= 1) FEDERAL CRIME TO INTERFERE WITH RIGHT TO VOTE 2) FEDERAL ELECTIONS UNDER SUPERVISION OF FEDERAL MARSHALLS 3) OUTLAWED ALL ACTIVITIES OF K LAN

42. AP 6 Summarize in 1 sentence the Enforcement Acts.

43. Activity Primary Source: Letter to a Former Slaveholder SKIDS How does this assignment relate to the essential question?

44. Learning Log From what you have learned thus far, to what extent has reconstruction transformed the south?

45. Learning Log Compare and contrast the northern perception of Reconstruction to the Southern perception of reconstruction.