1. Long multiplication – column method
Example 87 × 25
To multiply by 25, multiply by 5, then by 20 and add the answers
8 7
2 5 ×
Multiplying by 5
5 × 7 = 35
5 × 8 = 40
= 43
4 3 5 3
To multiply by 20, put the 0 in the units column, then multiply by 2
1 7 4 1
2 1 7 5
2 × 7 = 14
2 × 8 = 16
= 17
Then add
87 × 25 = 2175

2. Long multiplication – column method
Example 216 × 34
To multiply by 34, multiply by 4, then by 30 and add the answers
2 1 6
3 4 ×
Multiplying by 4
4 × 6 = 24
4 × 1 = 4
4 + 2 = 6 8 6 4 2
4 × 2 = 8 6 4 8 1
To multiply by 30, put the 0 in the units column, then multiply by 3 7 3 1 4 1 4
3 × 6 = 18
3 × 1 = 3
3 + 1 = 4
3 × 2 = 6
216 × 34 = 7344
Then add

3. Long multiplication – grid method
Example 87 × 25
Draw a 2 by 2 grid
Separate the tens and units.
Then multiply.
Add across
then down.
20 × 7
20 × 80 80 7
1600
140 20 5 +
1740
400 35
435
5 × 80
5 × 7 2 1 7 5
87 × 25 = 2175

4. Long multiplication – grid method
Example 216 × 34
Draw a 3 by 2 grid
Separate the hundreds, tens and units.
Multiply.
Add across
then down.
30 × 10
30 × 200
30 × 6
200 10 6 30 4
6000
300
180 +
6480
800 40 24
864
4 × 200
4 × 10
4 × 6 7 3 1 4 1 4
216 × 34 = 7344

5. Try these on paper in your preferred method
1) 46 × 21
7) × 25
2) 83 × 45
8) × 71
3) 97 × 68
9) × 64
4) 65 × 39
10) × 53
5) 87 × 24
11) × 27
6) 56 × 48
12) × 49