2. The World of Islam AD 600-1250

3. Section 1. The Rise of Islam

4. The Arabian Crossroads

5. The Arabs Bedouins-desert nomads Bedouins-desert nomads Farmers and Shepherds Farmers and Shepherds fierce warriors fierce warriors

6. The Crossroads of Africa, Europe and Asia Oasis and coastal towns Oasis and coastal towns Crossroads of ideas and trade Crossroads of ideas and trade

7. Arab trading city of Petra buildings were cut into the sides of cliffs

8. Petra

9. Religion before Muhammed-

10. Kaaba Mecca- Religious center for Arabia Mecca- Religious center for Arabia

11. Pilgrims going to Mecca

12. Muhammed born in a pillar of flame Muhammed: Born in Mecca

13. Muhammed visited by the Angel Gabriel Allah is the one true god Allah is the one true god Muhammed is the last prophet Muhammed is the last prophet

14. Founds Islam (Muslim) Founds Islam (Muslim) The Hijrah-622 Mohammed and followers flee to Medina The Hijrah-622 Mohammed and followers flee to Medina

15. 630-Muhammed takes Mecca by force

16. Beliefs and Practices Free will Free will Qu'ran (Koran) holy book Qu'ran (Koran) holy book

17. Pages from a Qur’an in Egypt

18. The Five Pillars of Islam

19. Faith Faith Prayer Prayer Alms Alms Fasting (Ramadan) Fasting (Ramadan) Pilgrimage Pilgrimage

20. Circling the Kaaba in Mecca

21. Other beliefs up to 4 wives up to 4 wives no formal priesthood no formal priesthood separation of sexes separation of sexes

22. shariah-religious law rules daily life shariah-religious law rules daily life

23. Links to Judaism and Christianity same god same god Jesus is a prophet Jesus is a prophet Heaven, hell, Judgement Day Heaven, hell, Judgement Day

24. Abraham-spiritual father Abraham-spiritual father Religious tolerance for Jews and Christians Religious tolerance for Jews and Christians

25. Dome on the Rock Jerusalem

26. The Ascension of Muhammed

28. Section 2. The Arab Empire and its Successors

30. Muhammed's successors spread Islam Ruled by Caliphs (successors) Ruled by Caliphs (successors) Larger than Rome in 100 years Larger than Rome in 100 years

31. Berbers conquer Spain

33. Tours

34. Stopped 100 miles from Paris at Tours by Charles (The Hammer) Martel Stopped 100 miles from Paris at Tours by Charles (The Hammer) Martel

35. Alhambra Muslim Castle in Spain

36. Reasons for success Jihad (Holy War) Jihad (Holy War) Weakness of Byzantine and Persian Empires Weakness of Byzantine and Persian Empires Religious tolerance Religious tolerance