1. The Congress Of Vienna, 1815 Restoring Order to Europe

2. Why Did This Happen? Napoleon’s Defeat at Waterloo (1815): wars over, Napoleon in exile (St. Helena) Grand Alliance: Britain, Prussia, Austria, and Russia had joined together  drive Napoleon from France’s throne Reason for the Congress of Vienna: a. Re-organize the map of Europe (all the lands Napoleon conquered) b. Conservative governments for European countries

3. Leaders of the Congress of Vienna Negotiations: making deals or bargains with other leaders The five “Great Powers” (Britain, Prussia, Austria, Russia, and France) negotiated changes to make to Europe (France brought Louis XVIII back to the throne) Austria’s Prince Klemens von Metternich hosted and led the negotiations Metternich: “The first and greatest concern of the immense majority of every nation is the stability of laws—never their change.”

4. Metternich

5. The Congress’s 3 Goals: 1)Containment of France: The Congress strengthened the weak countries bordering France -Kingdom of the Netherlands (Belgium + Netherlands combined) -German Confederation: 39 small German states joined together, led by Austria -Switzerland gained independence -Kingdom of Sardinia gained land  main power in Italy

7. 2) Balance of Power: No country in Europe could easily overpower another Great Powers decided not to punish France Took away lands Napoleon had conquered Left France as a major European power

8. 3) Legitimacy Gave back the thrones of rulers whom Napoleon had driven from power France, Spain, several Italian states all had traditional ruling families return Absolute Monarchy= Conservative government

9. Effects of Congress of Vienna PEACE: a.The Concert of Europe--Great Powers agreed to aid one another if a war broke out b.War didn’t happen for 40 years CONSERVATIVE EUROPE: a.Holy Alliance: Rulers of Great Powers agreed to base relations on Christian ideas b.Caused factions to disagree: Conservatives happy, but radicals and moderates unhappy