1. Bladder catheterization 1

2. ❏ catheter size referred to in terms of the French (Fr) scale ❏ No.1 Fr = 0.33 mm in diameter 2

3. 1) Continuous catheterization ❏ indications accurate monitoring of urine output relief of urinary retention due to medication, neurogenic bladder or infravesical obstruction temporary therapy for urinary incontinence perineal wounds clot removal (24-28 Fr) post-operation 3

4. 2) Intermittent catheterization ❏ indications to determine post-void residual volumes to obtain sterile diagnostic specimens for urinalysis/cultures management of neurogenic bladder or chronic urinary retention 4

5. 2) Intermittent catheterization ❏ difficult catheterizations meatal stricture urethral stricture BPH urethral disruption/obstruction anxious patient 5

6. 2) Intermittent catheterization ❏ solutions sufficient lubrication xylocaine jelly (abort if resistance -> reports of fat emboli) anxiolytic medication different size catheter dilation of strictures coudé or filiform catheter 6

7. 7

8. 8 A, Conical tip urethral catheter, one eye. B, Robinson urethral catheter. C, Whistle-tip urethral catheter. D, Coudé hollow olive-tip catheter. E, Malecot self-retaining, four-wing urethral catheter. F, Malecot self-retaining, two-wing catheter. G, Pezzer self-retaining drain, open-end head, used for cystotomy drainage. H, Foley-type balloon catheter, one limb of distal end for balloon inflation (i), one for drainage (ii). I, Foley-type, three-way balloon catheter, one limb of distal end for balloon inflation (i), one for drainage (ii), and one to infuse irrigating solution to prevent clot retention within the bladder

9. 9

10. 10