1. Transboundary Groundwater (TBGW) Integrated Management Levelling of scientists by lawyers and policy-makers 14 October 2008

2. I) General Part – International Law Jochen Sohnle, University Paul Verlaine, Metz (France) II) Special Part - Groundwater Law and ILC Raya Marina Stephan, Water Law Specialist Consultant UNESCO IHP III) Case Studies Marcella Nanni, International Consultant, water law, policy and administrationOutline

3. 1) General terms and concepts (5) 2) Definition of International Public Law (2) 3) Sources of International Public Law (3) 4) Substantive rules and procedural rules (1) 5) Compliance mechanisms (2) 6) Dispute settlement mechanisms (2) Outline - General Part

4. General Part  1) General terms and concepts The world of law Real WorldLegal World persons -natural -juristic things (choses) State province company Rules

5. General Part  1) General terms and concepts Content of legal world: Rules Legal conditions 1 2 3, … Legal definitions (simplification of real phenomena – f.ex. aquifer) Structure of a complete legal rule Legal effects 1 2 3, … Not legal concepts & phenomena

6. General Part  1) General terms and concepts Law Systems State AState BState C State EState DState F State GState H State J International Organisation State K International Order

7. General Part  1) General terms and concepts Structure of a law system (persons) vertical - domestichorizontal - international State = supreme person = sovereignty - natural and domestic juristic persons - things (choses) on its territory power on StateStateStateState no supreme power

8. General Part  1) General terms and concepts Structure of a law system (rules) vertical - domestichorizontal - international Acts Statute s Governmenta l Decrees Individual Contracts Constitution TreatyTreatyTreaty

9. 1) General terms and concepts (5) 3) Sources of International Public Law (3) 4) Substantive rules and procedural rules (1) 5) Compliance mechanisms (2) 6) Dispute settlement mechanisms (2) Content - General Part 2) Definition of International Public Law (2)

10. General Part  2) Definition of International Law Definition of International Public Law sovereign States System of law regulating the interrelationship of sovereign States with regard to other States international (intergovernmental) organizations In addition, integration of international (intergovernmental) organizations as international persons  All other persons (natural and juristic) are things ! ! !

11. General Part  2) Definition of International Law Persons/subjects Domestic LawInt’l Law natural persons things (choses) State State (= juristic person) other juristic persons things things (choses) State Int’l O

12. 1) General terms and concepts (5) 2) Definition of International Public Law (2) 4) Substantive rules and procedural rules (1) 5) Compliance mechanisms (2) 6) Dispute settlement mechanisms (2) Content - General Part 3) Sources of International Public Law (3)

13. General Part  3) Sources of International Law Sources of the rules of International Law  treaties (conventions, agreements)  customary law and general principles  Judicial decisions and teachings  unilateral binding instruments  soft law (unilateral not binding and concertated instruments)

14. General Part  3) Sources of International Law treaties Techniques of treaty making Framework Convention - main agreement - general scope - basic rules Additional Agreements = additional Protocols - specific rules Convention - stable general obligations Amendment - simplified procedures - flexible provisions

15. General Part  3) Sources of International Law Unilateral instruments  binding resolutions  not binding instruments (soft law)  not binding instruments of international organisations (resolutions, programs, agendas, declarations, …)  declarations and instruments of int’l Conferences

16. 1) General terms and concepts (5) 2) Definition of International Public Law (2) 3) Sources of International Public Law (3) 5) Compliance mechanisms (2) 6) Dispute settlement mechanisms (2) Content - General Part 4) Substantive rules and procedural rules (1)

17. Substantive rulesProcedural rules General Part  4) Substantive and procedural rules Substantive and procedural rules  Equitable and Reasonable Use Principle (UN Water Convention 1997, articles 5 & 6; ICJ Gabcikovo-Nagymaros Case, 1997)  No Harm Principle (UN Water Convention 1997, article 7) & Environmental Protection Principles (UNWaterConv 1997, articles 20-23): Prevention of pollution, …  General Obligation to Cooperate (UNWC 1997, article 8)  Regular exchange of data and information (art. 9)  Principles applying in case of planned measures (articles 11-19)  Information  Notification  Consultations and negotiations

18. 1) General terms and concepts (5) 2) Definition of International Public Law (2) 3) Sources of International Public Law (3) 4) Substantive rules and procedural rules (1) 6) Dispute settlement mechanisms (2) Content - General Part 5) Compliance mechanisms (2)

19. General Part  5) Compliance mechanisms Compliance mechanisms (control of a treaty) 1) unilateral control 2) control by the Treaty Parties 3) Third Party control supervising measures: - reporting system - on-site visits and inspections

20. General Part  5) Compliance mechanisms Compliance mechanisms (control of a treaty)  reporting obligations  verification & non compliance procedures  inspection panels for finding decisions

21. 1) General terms and concepts (5) 2) Definition of International Public Law (2) 3) Sources of International Public Law (3) 4) Substantive rules and procedural rules (1) 5) Compliance mechanisms (2) Content - General Part 6) Dispute settlement mechanisms (2)

22. General Part  6) Dispute settlement Dispute settlement  peaceful – aggressive settlement  friendly settlement – State responsibility  political – legal mechanisms 

23. political mechanisms Dispute settlement mechanisms UN Charter, article 33 General Part  6) Dispute settlement mechanisms legal mechanisms  negotiation  enquiry  mediation  conciliation (coercitive & contentious decision)  arbitration (occasional justice)  judicial settlement by a permanent Court  ICJ)