2.  Interview  Physical Examination › Functional › Spiritual › Cultural › Physical characteristics

3.  Inspection  Auscultation  Palpation  Percussion

4. FIGURE 7-2 Touch or palpation is used during the health assessment. (From Bonewit-West K, Hunt S, Applegate E: Today’s medical assistant: clinical & administrative procedures, St. Louis, 2009, Saunders.)

5. FIGURE 7-3 Assessment by percussion involves evaluating the sound produced by tapping the patient. (From Bonewit-West K, Hunt S, Applegate E: Today’s medical assistant: clinical & administrative procedures, St. Louis, 2009, Saunders.)

6. Appearance Hair General health Weight Posture Communication skills Physical appearance Developmental milestones Color Texture Cleanliness Distribution

7. Nails Skin  Color  Texture  Markings  Size  Shape  Color  Temperature  Turgor  Lesions  Mucous membranes  Injury  Edema

8. Neurological Musculoskeletal  Pupil reaction › PERRLA  Motor & verbal responses  Range of motion  Gait  Posture  Injury

9. Cardiovascular Respiratory  Heart rate, rhythm, character  Peripheral pulses  Temperature  Respiratory rate, rhythm, character  Breath sounds › Wheezes › Stridor › Rhonchi (crackles) › Rales  Sputum production  cough

10. Gastrointestinal Genitourinary  Abdominal contour  Bowel sounds  Nausea/vomiting (n/v)  Defecation frequency & consistency  Urine color › Normal  Yellow  Straw  Amber › Abnormal  Red  Blue  Orange  Cloudy  Brown  Amount › 1-1.5 Liters Frequency Odor Sweet Ammonia offensive Clarity clear

11.  Mouth › Alcohol › Halitosis › Fruity, sweet › Feces › Acid breath › Rotten eggs, garlic › Ammonia  Rectal › Feces-incontinent  Urine › Ammonia › Foul › Sweet  Vomit › feces  Wound › Feces › Sweet, heavy

12.  Measure changes in body function, general health, & response to treatment  Vitals we measure  Blood Pressure  Temperature  Pulse  Respiration  Oxygen Saturation  Skin Color

13.  Measures the force of the blood against walls of arteries  Systolic-maximum amount of pressure  Diastolic- minimum amount of pressure

14.  Normal Value 120/80 mmHg  Prehypertension 120-139/80-89  Hypertension 140/90 or above

15. Yes you will have to spell it on the test!!

17.  Diameter & flexibility of blood vessels  Force of heart contraction  Amount of blood in vessels  Pressure brain that controls BP

18.  measures the balance between the heat produced & lost by the body  Oral  Axillary  Rectal  Temporal  Tympanic

19.  Glass with an expandable liquid filling › Oral  Red tip › Rectal  Blue tip  Bulb is rounded to prevent injury to rectum tissue  Electronic  Disposable chemical thermometers

21.  heartbeat that can be palpated on surface arteries as the artery walls expand  usually assessed using the radial artery  Infant are significantly faster than an adults  Assess rate, rhythm, & character

23. b located on the side of the head at the “ temple.” b place the index and middle fingertips lightly against the skin.

24. b main pulse site- the heart. b Can be osculated. b Remember “ Apical” because you would be in a “ pickle “ without it.

25. b throat next to the “ Adams apple” b index and middle finger pressed lightly against the skin. b ONLY ONE SIDE AT A TIME !

26. b between the base of the thumb in the wrist b Usually the most assessed

27. b Antecubital space of the arm, the medial aspect. b Remember this way-”right where the arm breaks.”

28. b inguinal/femoral area of the groin. b We find this one in the shower.

29. b posterior aspect of the knee. b palpate by placing two fingers behind the knee above the calf. b Remember, you hold a can of “pop” on your knee.

30. b dorsal aspect of the foot midway between the big toe and the ankle. b Remember this way- the pedal pulse is in the foot, the thing you “ pedal “ a bike with.

31.  Inspiration/inhalation › Breath in  Expiration/exhalation › Breath out  One respiration › Count 1 inspiration and expiration  Watch rise & fall of chest  Normal rate is more rapid in infants than in adults  Assess rate, rhythm, & character

32. Pulse Respirations  Normal Ranges › Adult  60-100  <60-bradycardia  >100-tachycardia › School age  70-110 › Infant  80-130 › Newborn  70-170  Adult Normal Ranges › Rate  14-20 › Rhythm  Regular › Character  Effortless, deep, quiet

33.  Eupnea › normal breathing  Apnea › stop breathing  Orthopnea › can’t breath laying flat  Tachypnea › too fast  Bradypnea › to slow  Dyspnea › difficulty breathing  Hyperpnea › increased depth of breathing  Hypopnea › decreased depth  Cheyne stokes › Usually seen at end of life  Kussmual respirations › Usually seen with elevated blood sugars

34.  Insurance companies determine at which weight for a specific height an individual is predicted to live the longest.  The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute defines an ideal weight as having a body mass index (BMI) between 18.7 and 24.9.