1. Iron and The Blast furnace AQA C1a

2. Extraction of Iron Iron is extracted via the blast furnace, on the next slide an explanation of how this works is given.

4. Iron from the blast furnace However, iron from the blast furnace is only 96% pure. This is called cast iron or pig iron. Cast iron is very strong but brittle. The purification of iron is expensive, and pure iron is not all that useful. 100% pure iron is called wrought iron.

5. Cast iron-Properties Brittle Strong Used for structural work

6. Wrought iron-properties Malleable Not very strong Used to make gates with shapes.

7. Alloying iron So if cast iron is too brittle, and wrought iron is too weak, then how can we get a super strong metal that isn ’ t brittle. We call this alloying.

8. Alloying Alloying is the process of combing a metal/element with a metal. This stops the atoms from moving smoothly, making the metal stronger.

9. Steel Steel is an alloy containing iron and another metal or element. Pure iron Steel

10. Different types of steel Low carbon steel (car bodies) High carbon steel (tools) Stainless steel (cutlery) Tungsten steel (high speed cutting blades) Titanium steel (aircraft, spacecraft)

12. Steels So, as you can see steels have many different uses. Our daily life uses many alloys and metals, without them we would have to find new ways of producing almost all items.

13. Plenary On the answer sheet write down the type of steel used to make the following things.

14. Plenary Suspension bridge

15. Plenary Knives

16. Plenary Cutlery

17. Plenary High speed cutting blades

18. Plenary Car bodies

19. Plenary Space craft

20. Plenary Tools (two answers)

21. Plenary-answers 1.Low carbon steel 2.High carbon steel 3.Stainless steel 4.Tungsten steel 5.Low carbon steel 6.Titanium steel 7.High Carbon steel and Tungsten steelujj