1. The Coming of the American Revolution

2. Join, or Die Political Cartoon by Benjamin Franklin A political cartoon calling for American colonies to band together for protection against Indians and the French. First published in the Pennsylvania Gazette on May 9, 1754.

3. The French and Indian War: 1754-1763

4. PONTIAC’S REBELLION

5. Proclamation of 1763
Forbid colonists to settle west of the Appalachian Mountains.
What was the purpose of this?

6. METAPHORS FOR BRITISH/COLONIAL RELATIONS
PARENT/CHILD
ELEPHANT/FLY

7. tAXATION

8. Taxation: Terms and Types
Direct vs. Indirect Taxes
Revenue vs. Regulatory Taxes
Import vs. Export Tax
Excise Tax vs. Customs Duty

9. End of SALUTORY NEGLECT…
French and Indian War cost a lot of money.
Parliament (the British government) decided to tax to colonies to help pay for it.
The first tax was the Sugar Act of 1764.
Stamp Act of 1765 placed.
This tax upset the colonists even more.

10. SUGAR ACT, 1764
It ___________ a tax on molasses and sugar imported by the colonies.
TYPE:
SO…WHY WERE THEY UPSET???
VICE ADMIRALTY COURTS

11. CURRENCY ACT, 1764 BAN ON COLONIAL CURRENCY. ONLY CAN USE “HARD MONEY”
WHY ARE THE BRITISH DOING THIS?
WHY ARE THE COLONISTS UPSET?

12. QUARTERING ACT, 1765 & 1774
if soldiers outnumbered the housing available, would quarter them :
"in inns, livery stables, ale houses, victualing houses, and the houses of sellers of wine and houses of persons selling of rum, brandy, strong water, cider or metheglin", and if numbers required in "uninhabited houses, outhouses, barns, or other buildings"... "upon neglect or refusal of such governor and council in any province", required any inhabitants (or in their absence, public officials) to provide them with food and alcohol, and providing for "fire, candles, vinegar, salt, bedding, and utensils" for the soldiers "without paying any thing for the same“
How did the colonists respond?

13. STAMP ACT, 1765
a tax on all printed material, such as newspapers and playing cards
TYPE:
SO…WHY WERE THEY UPSET???

14. Stamp Act
Stamp Act Congress
Patrick Henry
Stamp Act Riots
Repeal of Stamp Act
Declaratory Act

15. STAMP ACT CONGRESS 9 of 13 Colonies Attended…
Issued DECLARATION OF RIGHTS AND GRIEVANCES
Only the colonial assemblies had a right to tax the colonies. (no taxation without representation).
Trial by jury was a right, and the use of Admiralty Courts was abusive.
Colonists possessed all the Rights of Englishmen.
Without voting rights, Parliament could not represent the colonists

16. No Taxation without Representation
The colonists claimed “no taxation without representation” because they were being taxed but had no vote in Parliament and had no say in how the colonies were being governed.
The colonists started a boycott, or a refusal to buy certain goods, from the British.

17. What about “representation” for taxation?
Actual Representation
Virtual Representation

18. American political cartoon showing a man aiming a gun at a man representing colonial America; He tells a British member of Parliament, "I give you that man's money for my use", to which the American responds by saying, "I will not be robbed". Boston is burning in the background.

19. Radicalism Samuel Adams Liberty Trees Sons of Liberty
“tarring and feathering”
Liberty Trees

20. Sam Adams and the Sons of Liberty
Samuel Adams led the protests in Boston against the taxes.
He began a secret society called the Sons of Liberty.
Daughters of Liberty

21. Tar and Feather
The Sons of Liberty used violence to scare off the tax collectors.
The Stamp Act was repealed because of all the protests.

22. Townshend Duties, 1767 On what? What was the misunderstanding??
Colonial Responses:
Boycotts

23. Example: A Tax on Tea
Parliament began taxing tea. Tea was the most important beverage in the colonies.
The colonists decided to boycott all British tea.

24. The Boston Massacre, 1770
Colonial men were shouting insults at the British soldiers.
They started throwing things, probably snow balls and rocks.
Someone yelled “fire” and the Red Coats (what the British soldiers were called) shot.
Five colonists were killed. These were the first Americans killed in the War for Independence.
Sam Adams started calling the incident the Boston Massacre. He used the incident to get more people angry at the British.

26. Things calm down a bit….

27. GASPEE AFFAIR, 1772

28. Committees of Correspondence

29. Monopoly! TEA ACT, 1773 Who was this supposed to help?
Who would it hurt?
Monopoly!

30. The Boston Tea Party, 1774
Colonists dressed up like Mohawk Indians and boarded three British ships full of tea.
The colonists dumped all the tea into the harbor, about 90,000 pounds.
King George III, Parliament was furious! WHY?

33. Political cartoon showing the reaction to the Boston Tea Party

34. More Tea Parties Boston was not the only city to have a “tea party.”
They took place in Charleston, New York, Annapolis, and others.
The burning of the Peggy Stewart in Annapolis.

35. Edenton Tea Party
The Edenton Tea Party was one of the earliest organized women’s political actions in United States history. The women joined in the boycott of British tea.

36. The COERCIVE (Intolerable) Acts, 1774
Laws passed to punish the colonists for the Boston Tea Party.
The port of Boston was closed until the tea was paid for.
A NEW Quartering Act was put into place which forced colonists to quarter, or house and supply British soldiers.

37. QUEBEC ACT, 1774 English worried that French Canadians were not loyal.
Gave them OHIO.
Administered Quebec separately.

38. First Continental Congress, 1774
A group of important men met to discuss the crisis in the colonies.
Militias were set up. (citizen soldiers)

39. “the Shot Heard Round the world”…
“the Shot Heard Round the world”….. Lexington and concord begins the revolution… game on!