1. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. TOBACCO Chapter 11

2. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ANSWERS 1.TRUE 2.FALSE—chewing tobacco causes serious problems to the mouth, throat, and stomach. 3.FALSE—herbal cigarettes DO contain nicotine. 4.FALSE—smoking can harm your lungs the first time you smoke. 5.TRUE 6.FALSE—chemicals from cigarette smoke readily pass through the placenta. 7.TRUE

3. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. TOBACCO Contents Section 1 Tobacco Use Section 2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Section 3 A Tobacco-Free Life Chapter 11

4. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 1 Tobacco Section 1 Tobacco Use Tobacco Use Chapter 11

5. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

6. Section 1 Tobacco Use All Tobacco Products Are Dangerous 1.Nicotine: the addictive drug found in all tobacco products. 2.Carcinogens: chemicals that cause cancer. Cigarette smoke contains more than 4,000 chemicals. Of these, about 60 are proven carcinogens. Chapter 11

7. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 1 Tobacco Use All Tobacco Products Are Dangerous 3.Carbon Monoxide: toxic gas that prevents oxygen from getting into the bloodstream. 4.Tar: sticky, black substance in tobacco smoke...contains the following carcinogens: Cyanide Formaldehyde Lead Vinyl chloride Chapter 11

8. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 1 Tobacco Use Smokeless tobacco products are dangerous, too (chewing tobacco, snuff and dip): contain nicotine and tar. lead to mouth sores and oral cancer. contain other carcinogens, too: arsenic nickel benzopyrene polonium Chapter 11

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10. Section 1 Tobacco Use All Tobacco Products Are Dangerous Pipe tobacco, cigars, and herbal cigarettes also contain nicotine and tar, which contains a large number of carcinogens. Chapter 11

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12. Section 1 Tobacco Use Nicotine is the addictive chemical in tobacco Like all addictive drugs, nicotine affects the brain and other parts of the body and leads to: physical dependence addiction Quitting tobacco use is difficult and withdrawal is unpleasant, but the dangerous effects of tobacco are far worse than the trials of quitting. Chapter 11

13. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 1 Tobacco Section 2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Chapter 11 The Harmful Effects of Smoking Smoking Kills (The Bryan Curtis story)

14. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Short-Term Effects of Tobacco Use 1.Nicotine causes the release of adrenaline, and has the following short-term effects: Stimulates the brain reward system Increases heart rate and blood pressure Increases breathing rate Increases blood-sugar levels 2.Carbon monoxide blocks oxygen from bonding to your red blood cells. 3.Tar and other chemicals damage the lungs and inside of the mouth. Chapter 11

15. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Long-Term Effects of Tobacco Use Addiction Stained teeth Stained fingers Pervasive smell of smoke Chapter 11

16. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Long-Term Effects of Tobacco Use 1.In the MOUTH, smoking changes the natural chemical balance inside the mouth, leading to: increased plaque gum disease tooth decay CAVITIES Tar also stains teeth yellow Chapter 11

17. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Long-Term Effects of Tobacco Use 2.In the BRAIN: reduces oxygen to the brain narrows blood vessels and can lead to strokes. nicotine changes the brain in ways that lead to addiction Chapter 11

18. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Long-Term Effects of Tobacco Use 3.In the HEART, nicotine: increases heart rate and blood pressure narrows the blood vessels increases the risk of hardened and clogged arteries (atherosclerosis), which can lead to a heart attack. Chapter 11

19. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Long-Term Effects of Tobacco Use 4.In the LUNGS, tobacco smoke: Puts carcinogens directly into the lungs Kills the tiny hairs (cilia) that remove harmful substances from the lungs, increasing the risk of: Bronchitis Emphysema Lung Cancer Chapter 11

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23. Section 2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Long-Term Effects of Tobacco Use 5.In the SKIN: Smoking breaks down the proteins that give skin elasticity, leading to wrinkles and premature aging of the skin Increases chances of developing skin cancer. Chapter 11

24. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Long-Term Effects of Tobacco Use 6. In the IMMUNE SYSTEM: Chemicals in smoke weakens your immune system Damaging the immune system increases the chances of suffering from diseases such as cancer Chapter 11

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27. Section 2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Effects of Smoke on Nonsmokers Environmental tobacco smoke (secondhand smoke) is a combination of mainstream and sidestream smoke. Sidestream smoke: escapes from the tip of a lit cigarette, cigar, or pipe. Mainstream smoke: inhaled through a tobacco product and exhaled by the user. Chapter 11

28. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Effects of Smoke on Nonsmokers Lung cancer caused by secondhand smoke kills 3,000 nonsmokers in the U.S. each year Secondhand smoke also causes other illnesses, including: Reduced heart function Headaches Nausea Dizziness Chapter 11

29. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Effects of Smoke on Nonsmokers Children living with smokers suffer from lower respiratory infections and asthma Smoking while pregnant can lead to: Miscarriage Premature birth Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) Developmental problems Chapter 11

30. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 1 Tobacco Chapter 11 What happens to your insides when you smoke cigarettes? This will make you stop smoking! VIDEOS:

31. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 1 Tobacco Section 3 A Tobacco-Free Life Chapter 11 What Happens Next: Smoking

32. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 3 A Tobacco-Free Life Why Do People Use Tobacco? Family and Friends Misconceptions Advertising Curiosity Rebellion Chapter 11

33. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 3 A Tobacco-Free Life Tobacco Use Affects the Family and Society Costs to families include: Chapter 11 Over $1,500 a year to buy tobacco Increasing yearly (taxes, etc) Lost wages due to illness Medical bills Funeral bills Costs to society include billions of dollars for medical care that smoker’s cannot pay for themselves.

34. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 3 A Tobacco-Free Life Tips for Quitting Reasons to quit smoking include: Chapter 11 Smoking is unhealthy Smoking is expensive Smoking stinks Smoking looks unattractive Smoking damages your skin

35. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 3 A Tobacco-Free Life Tips for Quitting Quitting smoking is difficult, but… support programs can help you nicotine substitutes are medicines that deliver a small amount of nicotine to help you quit smoking some medications (Chantix ™, etc) showing promise to suppress withdrawal symptoms & craving. Chapter 11

36. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 3 A Tobacco-Free Life Tips for Quitting Important steps in quitting smoking include: Chapter 11 Decide you can do it Get started Change your habits Set goals Get support

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38. Section 3 A Tobacco-Free Life Making GREAT Decisions Don’t forget the Making GREAT Decisions model. Practicing these skills can help you quit smoking or decide never to start in the first place. Chapter 11

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40. Section 3 A Tobacco-Free Life Skills for Refusing Tobacco As with alcohol and other drugs, you should practice and use refusal skills when people offer you tobacco. When using refusal skills: Chapter 11 Be honest Give a reason Suggest an alternative

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42. Section 3 A Tobacco-Free Life Benefits of Being Tobacco-Free Here are some more reasons to quit smoking, or to avoid starting in the first place: Chapter 11 Fewer colds, sore throats, and asthma attacks Not coughing when you are sick Avoiding stained teeth and bad breath Tasting food and smelling the flowers Not smelling like smoke Not exposing others to smoke

43. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 3 A Tobacco-Free Life Benefits of Being Tobacco-Free After you quit smoking: Chapter 11 Within a half hour, blood pressure and heart rate return to normal Within 8 hours, carbon monoxide leaves blood Within a few days, smell, taste, and breathing improve Within months, lung health improves, risk of lung cancer, emphysema, and heart disease decrease

44. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. End of Chapter 11