1. Benefits of Human and Animal Contact Animal Welfare and Ethics VETE 4313 Michelle Hervey, LVT 04/09/2015

2. Introduction For many years humans and animals have been interacting together. In this presentation the topics that will be discussed are interactions, effects of interactions, measurement of interactions, and ways to improve interactions between humans and animals. http://www.waltham.com/dyn/_ mainads//Toddler-Dog- LabradorPuppy1-700px350px.jpg https://s-media-cache- ak0.pinimg.com/236x/47/52/9a /47529a92ab6eca7bcd6b1a33b3 8bf9d6.jpg http://animals.pawnation.com/DM- Resize/photos.demandstudios.com/getty/art icle/146/6/200322733- 001.jpg?w=600&h=600&keep_ratio=1&web p=1

3. Interactions Between Humans and Animals Companion Animal Interaction Food Animal Interaction Companion animals are now being considered a big part of people’s lives. They are even being considered members of the family. In the United States many families have a pet in the house hold. Food animals is some cases are also becoming a big part of people’s lives as well. Many people are starting to move out of the city and to the country, so they can have a farm with animals. The food animal industry has come a long way in the last few years. Many people are considering food animals to be family members.

4. Interactions Between Humans and Animals Continued….. Companion Animal Interaction Food Animal Interaction Training animals for: Working Service work Search and rescue Agility Obedience Loving animals: Taking animals to the veterinarian. Walking animals Companionship Feeding Animal Care Veterinary Interactions Restraint Medical attention Veterinary Interaction Moving and hauling the animals in a group. Penning the animals Feeding the animals in the pasture. Walking or driving around to check animals. Assistance with birthing complications (dystocia). Restraint Showing Restraint Hauling Training Feeding Building Trust Animal Care

5. Effects of Human Interaction on Animals Companion Animals EffectsFood Animal Effects Training Training animals can help build the human and animal relationship such as trust. Service animals taken to nursing homes increase social and verbal skills. Loving Animals More humans walk their pets and this can lead to decreasing obesity in people and the animals. People do not feel lonely if they have a pet to look after and this helps with mental health. Children who grow up in a household that has a pet express empathy, and get involved in school activities, and hobbies. Veterinary Interactions Pets are typically restrained for certain procedures, and the pet has to form a bond with the veterinarian and staff. Pet owners become educated on animal health and the welfare of their pet. Veterinary Interactions Because the interaction with food animals is usually when they are penned and hauled; the animals fear the humans. These animals are restrained when they need medical attention, and are fearful. Showing Show animals are worked with on a daily basis. This creates a human and animal bond of trust. These animals typically are kept in a pen, and might have one or two other animals that share the pen. Showing helps children have a responsibility for the animal.

6. Effects of Human Interaction on Animals Continued….. http://msue.anr.msu.edu/ uploads/images/4- HandYouth/Dog%20pet%2 0therapy.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.or g/wikipedia/commons/0/0 1/Pies_asystuj%C4%85cy_ golden_retriever_2009_pl. jpg http://www.planetdogblog.co m/.a/6a00e55221a35088330 191026220c0970c-pi http://www.div17.org/wp- content/uploads/D4P40812- 979x370.jpg http://windowontheprairie.com/wp- content/uploads/2010/11/ MG_8251-560x373.jpg http://www.cumminsforum.com/f orum/attachments/show- time/5841d1194219078-lets-see- some-towing-pictures-what-have- you-hauled-dodge-6.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/common s/6/62/Cattle_inspected _for_ticks.jpg http://media.nola.com/tppho tos/photo/2013/01/12171114- standard.jpg

7. How can Interaction be Measured Interaction can be measured by the human and animal responses to interaction. It has been identified that human therapy service animals can improve the health of ill children, elderly, and children with autism. Their response to the animals help them increase social activity, reduce stress, assist with mental health, and reduce signs of depression. Animals that live in the household improve the overall health of their owners, and children. Positive interactions ultimately make the animal trust their owners. The more positive contact between humans and animals the better the animal is going to be.

8. How can Interaction be Measured Continued….. Interactions between humans and food animals are measured by the animal’s response. Because these animals are herd animals their reactions are different from our companion animals. In a heard situation food animals become scared because all of the animals in the herd are scared. The animals feed off of the herds reaction to people. Food animals are not worked with often, and when they are worked with, it is scary for them. They are scared of people, and they are put into a pen. When humans work with them they have to be restrained, and this is considered negative reinforcement.

9. Ways to Improve Human-Animal Interaction The ways we can improve Human-Animal interaction is to: Use positive interactions with humans. Proper education and training. Well-developed husbandry for the animals.

10. Conclusion The more positive interactions between humans and animals the more we improve the Human-Animal Interaction. Humans must be properly educated with the help of research, and veterinary professionals to better the overall health of the animals. The health of the humans will also improve by the many different interactions with the animals. http://www.redlands.edu/images/Academics/hu mananimal.jpg http://www.progressivecattle.com/images/stories/2011/06/30/0711pc_corrigan_1_full.jpg http://www.progressivecattle.com/images/stories/ 2011/06/30/0711pc_corrigan_1_full.jpg

11. References Appleby, Michael., Mench, Joy., Olsson, Anna., O’Hughes, Barry. (2011). Animal Welfare, 2 nd Edition.CABI North American Office. Boston, MA. Print Human-Animal Interaction (HAI) Research.(2015). Retrieved on 04- 09-2014: http://www.waltham.com/waltham-research/hai- research/http://www.waltham.com/waltham-research/hai- research/ More on Human-Animal Interaction.(2015). Retrieved on 04-09- 2014: http://www.waltham.com/waltham-research/hai- research/hai-overview/http://www.waltham.com/waltham-research/hai- research/hai-overview/